Dust-trapping vortices and a potentially planet-triggered spiral wake in the pre-transitional disk of V1247 Orionis

Abstract

The radial drift problem constitutes one of the most fundamental problems in planet formation theory, as it predicts particles to drift into the star before they are able to grow to planetesimal size. Dust-trapping vortices have been proposed as a possible solution to this problem, as they might be able to trap particles over millions of years, allowing them to grow beyond the radial drift barrier. Here, we present ALMA 0.04"-resolution imaging of the pre-transitional disk of V1247 Orionis that reveals an asymmetric ring as well as a sharply-confined crescent structure, resembling morphologies seen in theoretical models of vortex formation. The asymmetric ring (at 0.17"=54 au separation from the star) and the crescent (at 0.38"=120 au) seem smoothly connected through a one-armed spiral arm structure that has been found previously in scattered light. We propose a physical scenario with a planet orbiting at $\sim 0.3$"$\approx$100 au, where the one-armed spiral arm detected in polarised light traces the accretion stream feeding the protoplanet. The dynamical influence of the planet clears the gap between the ring and the crescent and triggers two vortices that trap mm-sized particles, namely the crescent and the bright asymmetry seen in the ring. We conducted dedicated hydrodynamics simulations of a disk with an embedded planet, which results in similar spiral-arm morphologies as seen in our scattered light images. At the position of the spiral wake and the crescent we also observe ${}^{12}$CO (3-2) and H${}^{12}$CO${}^{+}$ (4-3) excess line emission, likely tracing the increased scale-height in these disk regions.

8 pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table; published in ApJ Letters

References in corpus (10)

• The Gaia mission
• Gaia Data Release 1. Summary of the astrometric, photometric, and survey properties
• Coagulation, fragmentation and radial motion of solid particles in protoplanetary disks
• The impact of magnetic fields on single and binary star formation
• Dust flow in gas disks in the presence of embedded planets
• On the Stability of Elliptical Vortices in Accretion Discs
• Gas accretion onto planetary cores: three-dimensional self-gravitating radiation hydrodynamical calculations
• Vortices and spirals in the HD135344B transition disk
• Nonlinear Evolution of Hydrodynamical Shear Flows in Two Dimensions
• Interferometric Evidence for Quantum Heated Particles in the Inner Region of Protoplanetary Disks around Herbig Stars

Cited by in corpus (37)

• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): III. Spiral Structures in the Millimeter Continuum of the Elias 27, IM Lup, and WaOph 6 Disks
• Protoplanetary disk rings and gaps across ages and luminosities
• On the diversity of asymmetries in gapped protoplanetary disks
• Spiral arms in the proto-planetary disc HD100453 detected with ALMA: evidence for binary-disc interaction and a vertical temperature gradient
• Homogeneous study of Herbig Ae/Be stars from spectral energy distributions and Gaia EDR3
• Dust traps in the protoplanetary disc MWC 758: two vortices produced by two giant planets?
• Radial variations in grain sizes and dust scale heights in the protoplanetary disk around HD 163296 revealed by ALMA polarization observation
• The mass and size of Herbig disks as seen by ALMA
• Observational Signatures of Tightly Wound Spirals Driven by Buoyancy Resonances in Protoplanetary Disks
• Transition disks: the observational revolution from SEDs to imaging
• Kinematics and brightness temperatures of transition discs -- A survey of gas substructures as seen with ALMA
• ALMA observations of Elias 2-24: a protoplanetary disk with multiple gaps in the Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud
• Solving grain size inconsistency between ALMA polarization and VLA continuum in the Ophiuchus IRS 48 protoplanetary disk
• Vortex-like kinematic signal, spirals, and beam smearing effect in the HD 142527 disk
• The Giant Accreting Protoplanet Survey (GAPlanetS) -- Results from a Six Year Campaign to Image Accreting Protoplanets
• ALMA Observations of the Asymmetric Dust Disk around DM Tau
• Observing planet-driven dust spirals with ALMA
• Near-Infrared Imaging of a Spiral in the CQ Tau Disk
• Dusty disk winds at the sublimation rim of the highly inclined, low mass YSO SU Aurigae
• The Origin of the Doppler-flip in HD 100546: a large scale spiral arm generated by an inner binary companion
• Exciting spiral arms in protoplanetary discs from flybys
• An asymmetric dust ring around a very low mass star ZZ Tau IRS
• Emergence of vortices at the edges of planet-driven gaps in protoplanetary discs
• exoALMA. XVII. Characterizing the Gas Dynamics around Dust Asymmetries
• A Tight Relation between Spiral Arm Pitch Angle and Protoplanetary Disk Mass
• External or internal companion exciting the spiral arms in CQ Tau?
• High-resolution ALMA observations of compact discs in the wide-binary system Sz 65 and Sz 66
• Constraining the masses of planets in protoplanetary discs from the presence or absence of vortices -- Comparison with ALMA observations
• How to form compact & other longer-lived planet-induced vortices: VSI, planet migration, or re-triggers, but not feedback
• Distributions of gas and small and large grains in the LkH$\alpha 330$ disk trace a young planetary system
• A Dust Trap in the Young Multiple System HD 34700
• Multiple Rings and Asymmetric Structures in the Disk of SR 21
• Vortex weighing and dating of planets in protoplanetary discs
• Spiral-Arm Sub-Structures in the Asymmetrical Dust Rings of the Circumstellar Disk MWC 758
• Probing inner and outer disk misalignments in transition disks
• The complex inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 100453 with VLTI/MATISSE
• Discovery of the $\lambda$ Bootis phenomenon in an early B-type star