Zero-field quantum anomalous Hall metrology as a step towards a universal quantum standard unit system

Abstract

In the quantum anomalous Hall effect, the edge states of a ferromagnetically doped topological insulator exhibit quantized Hall resistance and dissipationless transport at zero magnetic field. Up to now, however, the resistance was experimentally assessed with standard transport measurement techniques which are difficult to trace to the von-Klitzing constant R${}_K$ with high precision. Here, we present a metrologically comprehensive measurement, including a full uncertainty budget, of the resistance quantization of V-doped (Bi,Sb)${}_2$Te${}_3$ devices without external magnetic field. We established as a new upper limit for a potential deviation of the quantized anomalous Hall resistance from RK a value of 0.26 +- 0.22 ppm, the smallest and most precise value reported to date. This provides another major step towards realization of the zero-field quantum resistance standard which in combination with Josephson effect will provide the universal quantum units standard in the future.

References in corpus (8)

• Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• High-precision realization of robust quantum anomalous Hall state in a hard ferromagnetic topological insulator
• Trajectory of Anomalous Hall Effect toward the Quantized State in a Ferromagnetic Topological Insulator
• Precise quantization of anomalous Hall effect near zero magnetic field
• Coincidence of Superparamagnetism and perfect quantization in the Quantum Anomalous Hall state
• Part-per-million quantization and current-induced breakdown of the quantum anomalous Hall effect
• Epitaxy and Structural Properties of (V,Bi,Sb)${}_2$Te${}_3$ Layers Exhibiting the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect
• Direct Comparison of Fractional and Integer Quantized Hall Resistance

Cited by in corpus (34)

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• Meta-magnetism of weakly-coupled antiferromagnetic topological insulators
• Any Axion Insulator Must be a Bulk Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator
• Quantum anomalous Hall edge channels survive up to the Curie temperature
• Current-induced breakdown of the quantum anomalous Hall effect
• Coexistence of surface and bulk ferromagnetism mimics skyrmion Hall effect in a topological insulator
• Progress and prospects in the quantum anomalous Hall effect
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• Bulk dissipation in the quantum anomalous Hall effect
• A Non-Volatile Cryogenic Random-Access Memory Based on the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect
• The ampere and the electrical units in the quantum era
• Gate-Tunable Quantum Anomalous Hall Effects in MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$ Thin Films
• Perspectives of HgTe Topological Insulators for Quantum Hall Metrology
• Antiferromagnetic order in MnBi2Te4 films grown on Si(111) by molecular beam epitaxy
• Ubiquitous impact of localised impurity states on the exchange coupling mechanism in magnetic topological insulators
• Zero external magnetic field quantum standard of resistance at the 10-9 level
• Balanced Quantum Hall Resistor
• A primary quantum current standard based on the Josephson and the quantum Hall effects
• Interaction-driven quantum anomalous Hall insulator in Dirac semimetal
• Programmable quantum Hall bisector: towards a novel resistance standard for quantum metrology
• A unified realization of electrical quantities from the quantum International System of Units
• Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Topological Ferromagnet
• Magnetization relaxation and search for the magnetic gap in bulk-insulating V-doped (Bi, Sb)${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Propagation, dissipation and breakdown in quantum anomalous Hall edge states probed by microwave edge plasmons
• CdTe and HgTe doped with V, Cr, and Mn -- prospects for the quantum anomalous Hall effect
• From classical to quantum regime of topological surface states via defect engineering
• Tight-binding theory of spin-spin interactions, Curie temperatures, and quantum Hall effects in topological (Hg,Cr)Te in comparison to non-topological (Zn,Cr)Te, and (Ga,Mn)N
• HgTe quantum wells for QHE metrology under soft cryomagnetic conditions: permanent magnets and liquid ${}^{4}He$ temperatures
• Measured potential profile in a quantum anomalous Hall system suggests bulk-dominated current flow