Contextual advantage for state discrimination

Abstract

Finding quantitative aspects of quantum phenomena which cannot be explained by any classical model has foundational importance for understanding the boundary between classical and quantum theory. It also has practical significance for identifying information processing tasks for which those phenomena provide a quantum advantage. Using the framework of generalized noncontextuality as our notion of classicality, we find one such nonclassical feature within the phenomenology of quantum minimum error state discrimination. Namely, we identify quantitative limits on the success probability for minimum error state discrimination in any experiment described by a noncontextual ontological model. These constraints constitute noncontextuality inequalities that are violated by quantum theory, and this violation implies a quantum advantage for state discrimination relative to noncontextual models. Furthermore, our noncontextuality inequalities are robust to noise and are operationally formulated, so that any experimental violation of the inequalities is a witness of contextuality, independently of the validity of quantum theory. Along the way, we introduce new methods for analyzing noncontextuality scenarios, and demonstrate a tight connection between our minimum error state discrimination scenario and a Bell scenario.

18 pages, 9 figures

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Cited by in corpus (87)

• Kochen-Specker Contextuality
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• Why interference phenomena do not capture the essence of quantum theory
• Experimentally bounding deviations from quantum theory in the landscape of generalized probabilistic theories
• Uniqueness of noncontextual models for stabilizer subtheories
• Quantum Advantage from Sequential-Transformation Contextuality
• Quantum contextuality provides communication complexity advantage
• Contextual advantage for state-dependent cloning
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• Properties and Applications of the Kirkwood-Dirac Distribution
• Aspects of the phenomenology of interference that are genuinely nonclassical
• Resource theory of contextuality for arbitrary prepare-and-measure experiments
• What is nonclassical about uncertainty relations?
• A simple proof that anomalous weak values require coherence
• One-Shot Manipulation of Dynamical Quantum Resources
• Characterising and bounding the set of quantum behaviours in contextuality scenarios
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• Accessible fragments of generalized probabilistic theories, cone equivalence, and applications to witnessing nonclassicality
• Causation does not explain contextuality
• Contextuality of general probabilistic theories
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• Quantum prescriptions are more ontologically distinct than they are operationally distinguishable
• An invertible map between Bell non-local and contextuality scenarios
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• Discriminating mirror symmetric states with restricted contextual advantage
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• A linear program for testing nonclassicality and an open-source implementation
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• Connecting XOR and XOR* games
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• Constrained Measurement Incompatibility from Generalised Contextuality of Steered Preparation
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• Training quantum measurement devices to discriminate unknown non-orthogonal quantum states
• Measurement-Protected Quantum Key Distribution
• Experimental Test of Contextuality based on State Discrimination with a Single Qubit
• Emergence of noncontextuality under quantum Darwinism
• Efficient Computation of Generalized Noncontextual Polytopes and Quantum violation of their Facet Inequalities
• Global restrictions under local state discrimination
• Contextuality Can be Verified with Noncontextual Experiments
• Harvesting Contextuality from the Vacuum
• Experimental Approach to Demonstrating Contextuality for Qudits
• How contextuality and antidistinguishability are related
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• Contextuality-enhanced quantum state discrimination under fixed failure probability
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• Probe of Generic Quantum Contextuality and Nonlocal Resources for Qubits
• Contextuality from the vacuum
• Frame dependence of Spekkens' contextuality for relativistic spin systems
• Trade-off between Information Gain and Disturbance in Local Discrimination of Entangled Quantum States
• Symmetry-Accelerated Classical Simulation of Clifford-Dominated Circuits
• Typicality of Contextuality