Medium effects on pion production in heavy ion collisions

Abstract

Within the framework of the relativistic Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model based on the relativistic nonlinear NL$\rho$ interaction, we study pion in-medium effects on the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in Au+Au collisions at the energy of $E/A=400\mathrm{MeV}$. These effects include the isospin-dependent pion s-wave and p-wave potentials, which are taken from calculations based on the chiral perturbation theory and the $\Delta$-hole model, respectively. We find that the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in this collision is suppressed by the pion s-wave potential but enhanced by the p-wave potential, with a net effect of a significantly suppressed ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio. Including also the in-medium threshold effects on $\Delta$ resonance production and decay and using a nuclear symmetry energy with a slope parameter $L=59\mathrm{MeV}$ by reducing the coupling of isovector-vector $\rho$ meson to nucleon, our result is in good agreement with measured ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio from the FOPI Collaboration. We further investigate the pion in-medium effects on the ratio of charged pions as a function of their kinetic energies.

9pages, 8 figures

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• Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
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• Systematics of pion emission in heavy ion collisions in the 1A GeV regime
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• Effects of pion potential and nuclear symmetry energy on the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies around the pion production threshold

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