The phase structure of QCD

Abstract

We review recent results on the phase structure of QCD and bulk QCD thermodynamics. In particular we discuss how universal critical scaling related to spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry manifests itself in recent lattice QCD simulations and how the knowledge on non-universal scaling parameter can be utilized in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram. We also show how various (generalized) susceptibilities can be employed to characterize properties of QCD matter at low and hight temperatures, related to deconfining aspects of the QCD transition. Finally, we address the input these lattice QCD calculation can provide for our under standing of the matter created in heavy ion collisions and in particular on the freeze-out conditions met in the hydrodynamic evolution of this matter.

28 pages, 10 figures, invited review

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• Neutron stars with large quark cores
• Nature of the phase transition for finite temperature $N_{\mathrm{f}}=3$ QCD with nonperturbatively O($a$) improved Wilson fermions at $N_{\mathrm{t}}=12$
• Topology and axions in QCD
• Criticality from Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton holography at finite temperature and density
• SIMULATeQCD: A simple multi-GPU lattice code for QCD calculations
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• Two first-order phase transitions in hybrid compact stars: higher-order multiplet stars, reaction modes and intermediate conversion speeds
• Thermodynamic and transport properties in Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies from the clustering of color strings
• A Gravitational Wave Detector for Post Merger Neutron Stars: Beyond the Quantum Loss Limit of Michelson Fabry Perot Interferometer
• Geometrically confined thermal field theory: Finite size corrections and phase transitions
• Functional renormalization group study of the critical region of the quark-meson model with vector interactions
• Phase Diagram, Scalar-Pseudoscalar Meson Behavior and Restoration of Symmetries in (2+1) Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model
• Non-equilibrium effects on stability of hybrid stars with first-order phase transitions
• Chiral condensate from a hadron resonance gas model
• Treating divergence in quark matter by using energy projectors
• QCD critical end point from a realistic PNJL model
• Correlating confinement to topological fluctuations near the crossover transition in QCD
• Recent theoretical developments on QCD matter at finite temperature and density
• QCD transition at the physical point, and its scaling window from twisted mass Wilson fermions
• Cosmic QCD transition-from quark to strangeon and nucleon
• Building models of quarks and gluons with an arbitrary number of colors using Cartan-Polyakov loops
• Fermionic domain-wall Skyrmions of QCD in a magnetic field