Quantum magnetic monopole condensate

Abstract

Despite decades-long efforts, magnetic monopoles were never found as elementary particles. Monopoles and associated currents were directly measured in experiments and identified as topological quasiparticle excitations in emergent condensed matter systems. These monopoles and the related electric-magnetic symmetry were restricted to classical electrodynamics, with monopoles behaving as classical particles. Here we show that the electric-magnetic symmetry is most fundamental and extends to full quantum behavior. We demonstrate that at low temperatures magnetic monopoles can form a quantum Bose condensate dual to the charge Cooper pair condensate in superconductors. The monopole Bose condensate manifests as a superinsulating state with infinite resistance, dual to superconductivity. Monopole supercurrents result in the electric analog of the Meissner effect and lead to linear confinement of Cooper pairs by Polyakov electric strings in analogy to quarks in hadrons.

6 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Physics of three dimensional bosonic topological insulators: Surface Deconfined Criticality and Quantized Magnetoelectric Effect
• Theoretical and Experimental Status of Magnetic Monopoles
• Electron pairing in the pseudogap state revealed by shot noise in copper-oxide junctions
• Collective transport in the insulating state of Josephson junction arrays
• Magnetic monopoles and superinsulation in Josephson junction arrays

Cited by in corpus (5)

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• Proximal quantum control of spin and spin ensemble with highly localized control field from skyrmions
• Spin gauge theory, duality and fermion pairing
• Relativistically invariant encoding of quantum information revisited
• Classically Bound and Quantum Quasi-Bound States of an Electron on a Plane Adjacent to a Magnetic Monopole