First Light: exploring the Spectra of High-Redshift Galaxies in the Renaissance Simulations

Abstract

We present synthetic observations for the first generations of galaxies in the Universe and make predictions for future deep field observations for redshifts greater than 6. Due to the strong impact of nebular emission lines and the relatively compact scale of HII regions, high resolution cosmological simulations and a robust suite of analysis tools are required to properly simulate spectra. We created a software pipeline consisting of FSPS, Hyperion, Cloudy and our own tools to generate synthetic IR observations from a fully three-dimensional arrangement of gas, dust, and stars. Our prescription allows us to include emission lines for a complete chemical network and tackle the effect of dust extinction and scattering in the various lines of sight. We provide spectra, 2-D binned photon imagery for both HST and JWST IR filters, luminosity relationships, and emission line strengths for a large sample of high redshift galaxies in the Renaissance Simulations. Our resulting synthetic spectra show high variability between galactic halos with a strong dependence on stellar mass, metallicity, gas mass fraction, and formation history. Halos with the lowest stellar mass have the greatest variability in [OIII]/H$\beta$, [OIII] and CIII] while halos with higher masses are seen to show consistency in their spectra and [OIII] equivalent widths (EW) between 1Å and 10Å. Viewing angle accounted for three-fold difference in flux due to the presence of ionized gas channels in a halo. Furthermore, JWST color plots show a discernible relationship between redshift, color, and mean stellar age.

Version 2. 17 pages, 14 figures. Published May 15, 2017

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• Interpreting ALMA Observations of the ISM During the Epoch of Reionisation
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Cited by in corpus (33)

• Simulating galaxies in the reionization era with FIRE-2: galaxy scaling relations, stellar mass functions, and luminosity functions
• Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST - I. UV luminosity functions at z = 4 - 10
• High redshift JWST predictions from IllustrisTNG: Dust modelling and galaxy luminosity functions
• First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) I: Environmental Dependence of High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• Dust attenuation, dust emission, and dust temperature in galaxies at z>=5: a view from the FIRE-2 simulations
• z~2-9 Galaxies Magnified by the Hubble Frontier Field Clusters II: Luminosity Functions and Constraints on a Faint-End Turnover
• Probing Cosmic Dawn with Emission Lines: Predicting Infrared and Nebular Line Emission for ALMA and JWST
• Legacy of star formation in the pre-reionization universe
• Morphologies of Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 9$ Uncovered by JWST/NIRCam Imaging: Cosmic Size Evolution and an Identification of an Extremely Compact Bright Galaxy at $z\sim 12$
• Metal-poor star formation triggered by the feedback effects from Pop III stars
• RASCAS: RAdiation SCattering in Astrophysical Simulations
• Seeding the Second Star: enrichment from population III, dust evolution, and cloud collapse
• UV absorption lines and their potential for tracing the Lyman continuum escape fraction
• JWST reveals a possible $z\sim 11$ galaxy merger in triply-lensed MACS0647$-$JD
• Following the Cosmic Evolution of Pristine Gas II: The search for Pop III-Bright Galaxies
• New Methods for Identifying Lyman Continuum Leakers and Reionization-Epoch Analogues
• Detection strategies for the first supernovae with JWST
• Weak Evolution of the Mass-metallicity Relation at Cosmic Dawn in the FirstLight Simulations
• Observational signatures of massive black hole formation in the early universe
• Probing Cosmic Dawn: Modelling the Assembly History, SEDs, and Dust Content of Selected $z\sim 9$ Galaxies
• Signature of the first galaxies in JWST deep field observations
• Dust in the first galaxies
• The importance of stochasticity in determining galaxy emissivities and UV LFs during cosmic dawn and reionization
• Investigating the physical properties of galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization with MIRI/JWST spectroscopy
• First Light II: Emission Line Extinction, Population III Stars, and X-ray Binaries
• Maximising the power of deep extragalactic imaging surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope
• Modeling the survival of Population III stars till present day
• Detecting galaxy-21-cm cross-correlation during reionization
• Galaxies into the Dark Ages
• Simulating the collapse of rotating primordial gas clouds to study the survival possibility of Pop III protostars
• Cloudy-Maraston: Integrating nebular continuum and line emission with the Maraston stellar population synthesis models
• Growth and Feedback from the First Black Holes
• Spectral Energy Distribution of the First Galaxies: Contribution from Pre-Main-Sequence Stars