Dirac and Weyl Materials: Fundamental Aspects and Some Spintronics Applications

Abstract

Dirac and Weyl materials refer to a class of solid materials which host low-energy quasiparticle excitations that can be described by the Dirac and Weyl equations in relativistic quantum mechanics. Starting with the advent of graphene as the first prominent example, these materials have been attracting tremendous interest owing to their novel fundamental properties as well as the great potential for applications. Here we introduce the basic concepts and notions related to Dirac and Weyl materials and briefly review some recent works in this field, particularly on the conceptual development and the possible spintronics/pseudospintronics applications.

arXiv comment19 pages, 13 figures; Invited Review for Special Issue on Advanced Spintronics in Novel Materials and Its Applications

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• Topological Semimetals from first-principles
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• Valley-dependent properties of monolayer MoSi${}_2$N${}_4$, WSi${}_2$N${}_4$ and MoSi${}_2$As${}_4$
• Nonsymmorphic-symmetry-protected hourglass Dirac loop, nodal line, and Dirac point in bulk and monolayer $X_3$SiTe${}_6$ ($X=$ Ta, Nb)
• Two-dimensional Weyl Half Semimetal and Tunable Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Monolayer PtCl${}_3$
• Hourglass Dirac Chain Metal in Rhenium Dioxide
• Coexistence of four-band nodal rings and triply-degenerate nodal points in centrosymmetric metal diborides
• Three-dimensional Pentagon Carbon with a genesis of emergent fermions
• Two-dimensional honeycomb borophene oxide: Strong anisotropy and nodal loop transformation
• Hybrid Nodal Loop Metal: Unconventional Magnetoresponse and Material Realization
• Second-Order Real Nodal-Line Semimetal in Three-Dimensional Graphdiyne
• Ferromagnetic hybrid nodal loop and switchable type-I and type-II Weyl fermions in two-dimension
• Higher-order Dirac fermions in three dimensions
• Hybrid Dirac Semimetal in CaAgBi Materials Family
• Quadratic contact point semimetal: Theory and material realization
• $d$-Orbital Topological Insulator and Semimetal in Antifluorite Cu${}_2$S Family: Contrasting Spin Helicities, Nodal Box, and Hybrid Surface States
• Weyl-loop half metal in Li${}_3$(FeO${}_3$)${}_2$
• Topological carbon materials: a new perspective
• From Type-II Triply Degenerate Nodal Points and Three-Band Nodal Rings to Type-II Dirac Points in Centrosymmetric Zirconium Oxide
• The centrosymmetric Li2NaN material: an ideal topological semimetal with critical-type triply degenerate nodal points
• Intrinsic Magnetoconductivity of Non-magnetic Metals
• Multiple-Fold Fermions and Topological Fermi Arcs Induced Catalytic Enhancement in Nanoporous Electride C12A7
• Magnetic higher-order nodal lines
• Two-dimensional topological semimetals
• Monolayer Mg${}_2$C: Negative Poisson's ratio and unconventional 2D emergent fermions
• Hourglass Weyl loops in two dimensions: Theory and material realization in monolayer GaTeI family
• Nonsymmorphic cubic Dirac point and crossed nodal rings across the ferroelectric phase transition in LiOsO${}_3$
• Tunable Topological Energy Bands in 2D Dialkali-Metal Monoxides
• Weak Localization and Antilocalization in Topological Materials with Impurity Spin-Orbit Interactions
• Dirac phonons in two-dimensional materials
• Fully spin-polarized nodal chain state in half metal LiV${}_2$O${}_4$
• Third order optical nonlinearity of three dimensional massless Dirac fermions
• Quantum Transport in Weyl Semimetal Thin Films in the Presence of Spin-Orbit Coupled Impurities
• Hexagonal supertetrahedral boron: A topological metal with multiple spin-orbit-free emergent fermions
• Tilted Dirac cones and asymmetric conical diffraction in photonic Lieb-kagome lattices
• Perovskite-type YRh${}_3$B with multiple types of nodal point and nodal line states
• Type-II topological metals
• Composite Dirac Semimetal
• Topological hinge modes in Dirac semimetals
• Anomalous spatial shifts in interface electronic scattering
• Magneto-transport and Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the layered ternary telluride Ta3SiTe6 topological semimetal
• Pyramids and cootie catchers: new massless fermions in 2D materials
• Nonsymmorphic nodal-line metals in the two-dimensional rare earth monochalcogenides MX (M = Sc, Y; X = S, Se, Te)
• Chiral pair of Fermi arcs, anomaly cancelation, and spin or valley Hall effects in inversion symmetry-broken Weyl metals
• Two-Dimensional Graphene: Theoretical Study of Multi-photon Non-linear Absorption Coefficient of a Strong Electromagnetic Wave by Using Quantum Kinetic Equation
• Symmetry-protected Spinful Magnetic Weyl Nodal Loops and Multi-Weyl Nodes in $5d^n$ Cubic Double Perovskites $(n=1,2)$
• Pseudo chiral anomaly in zigzag graphene ribbons
• Vector Chirality $\kappa$ Driven Topological Phase Transition and the Associated Anomalous Hall Conductivity Tuning in a Non-Collinear Antiferromagnet
• Topological electronic bands in crystalline solids
• Crystallographic defects in Weyl semimetal LaAlGe
• The Dirac paradox in 1+1 dimensions and its realization with spin-orbit coupled nanowires
• Noncentrosymmetric two-dimensional Weyl semimetals in porous Si/Ge structures
• Spinless topological chirality from Umklapp scattering in twisted 3D structures
• A novel device for controlling the flow of information based on Weyl fermions and some interesting remarks regarding the electromagnetic interactions of high energy particles
• Hydrodynamic description of Weyl fermions in condensed state of matter
• Topological Optical Pseudospin Injection Beyond Weyl Semimetals
• Spin-imbalance induced buried topological edge currents in Mott \& topological insulator heterostructures