Nonlinear and Quantum Optics with Whispering Gallery Resonators

Abstract

Optical Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) derive their name from a famous acoustic phenomenon of guiding a wave by a curved boundary observed nearly a century ago. This phenomenon has a rather general nature, equally applicable to sound and all other waves. It enables resonators of unique properties attractive both in science and engineering. Very high quality factors of optical WGM resonators persisting in a wide wavelength range spanning from radio frequencies to ultraviolet light, their small mode volume, and tunable in- and out- coupling make them exceptionally efficient for nonlinear optical applications. Nonlinear optics facilitates interaction of photons with each other and with other physical systems, and is of prime importance in quantum optics. In this paper we review numerous applications of WGM resonators in nonlinear and quantum optics. We outline the current areas of interest, summarize progress, highlight difficulties, and discuss possible future development trends in these areas.

This is a review paper with 615 references, submitted to J. Opt

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• Silicon carbide for integrated photonics
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• Cavity quantum electro-optics: Microwave-telecom conversion in the quantum ground state
• Optimization of laser stabilization via self-injection locking to WGM microresonator
• Modulational instability and frequency combs in WGM microresonators with backscattering
• Efficient frequency conversion in a degenerate ${\chi }^{(2)}$ microresonator
• A universal frequency engineering tool for microcavity nonlinear optics: multiple selective mode splitting of whispering-gallery resonances
• Coherent suppression of backscattering in optical microresonators
• Squeezed vacuum states from a whispering gallery mode resonator
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• Flying Particle Microlaser and Temperature Sensor in Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber
• Logic Gates based on Interaction of Counterpropagating Light in Microresonators
• Optical frequency combs in quadratically nonlinear resonators
• Microresonator and Laser Parameters Definition via Self-Injection Locking
• Photon-photon quantum phase gate in a photonic molecule with ${\chi }^{(2)}$ nonlinearity
• Experimental observation of internally-pumped parametric oscillation and quadratic comb generation in a ${\chi }^{(2)}$ whispering-gallery-mode microresonator
• Highly-twisted states of light from a high quality factor photonic crystal ring
• Creating locally interacting Hamiltonians in the synthetic frequency dimension for photons
• Phase-transition microcavity laser
• Ultra-low Threshold Titanium doped sapphire Whispering-gallery Laser
• Polarization-selective out-coupling of whispering gallery modes
• Optimal third-harmonic generation in an optical microcavity with ${\chi }^{(2)}$ and ${\chi }^{(3)}$ nonlinearities
• Kerr optical parametric oscillation in a photonic crystal microring for accessing the infrared
• Widely-tunable, doubly-resonant Raman scattering on diamond in an open microcavity
• Microresonator devices lithographically introduced at the optical fiber surface
• Seeded and unseeded high order parametric down conversion
• More efficient second harmonic generation of whispering gallery modes by selective out-coupling
• Origins of clustered frequency combs in Kerr microresonators
• Walk-off controlled self-starting frequency combs in ${\chi }^{(2)}$ optical microresonators
• Synthetic five-wave mixing in an integrated microcavity for visible-telecom entanglement generation
• Enhancement of the second-harmonic generation based on the cascaded second- and third-order nonlinear processes in a multimode optical microcavity
• Mitigating quantum decoherence in force sensors by internal squeezing
• Nonlinear solutions for χ^(2) frequency combs in optical microresonators
• Dielectric perturbations: anomalous resonance frequency shifts in optical resonators
• Photonic temporal-mode multiplexing by quantum frequency conversion in a dichroic-finesse cavity
• Optomechanical devices based on traveling-wave microresonators
• Nonlinear optical radiation of a lithium niobate microcavity
• Thermal Noise in Electro-Optic Devices at Cryogenic Temperatures
• Anomalous blue-shift of terahertz whispering-gallery modes via dielectric and metallic tuning
• Multiple critical coupling and sensing in a microresonator-waveguide system
• Quantum States of Higher-order Whispering gallery modes in a Silicon Micro-disk Resonator
• An ultra-stable microresonator-based electro-optic dual frequency comb
• Sech-squared Pockels solitons in the microresonator parametric down-conversion
• Observation of robust polarization squeezing via the Kerr nonlinearity in an optical fibre
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• QND measurements of photon number in monolithic microcavities
• Two-color flat-top solitons in microresonator-based optical parametric oscillators
• Two-color flat-top solitonic pulses in ${\chi }^{(2)}$ optical microresonators via second harmonic generation
• Ladder of Eckhaus instabilities and parametric conversion in chi(2) microresonators
• Nonlinear power dependence of the spectral properties of an optical parametric oscillator below threshold in the quantum regime
• Magneto-optical effects in a high-$Q$ whispering-gallery-mode resonator with a large Verdet constant
• Platicon Stability in Hot Cavities
• Polarization-entangled photons from a whispering gallery resonator
• Electro-optic eigenfrequency tuning of potassium tantalate-niobate microresonators
• Distance calibration via Newton's rings in yttrium lithium fluoride whispering gallery mode resonators
• Back action evading electro-optical transducer
• Dual backgrounds and their stability during ${\chi }^{(2)}$ comb generation in microresonators
• Peculiarities of Interaction of a Quantum Dot with Non-Classical Light in the Self-Phase Modulation Regime
• SNAP microwave optical filters
• Optimization of the degenerate optical parametric oscillations threshold in bichromatically pumped microresonator
• Microwave-optical double resonance in a erbium-doped whispering-gallery-mode resonator
• Fine structure of second-harmonic resonances in χ^{(2)} optical microresonators
• Spectral singularities of a potential created by two coupled microring resonators
• Quantum effects beyond mean-field treatment in quantum optics
• Multicolor continuous-variable quantum entanglement in the Kerr frequency comb
• Signal detection using biphotons and potential application in axion-like particle search
• Preparation of Schrödinger cat quantum state using parametric down-conversion interaction
• Realization of chiral whispering gallery mode cavities enabled by photonic Chern insulators
• Opto-thermal dynamics in whispering-gallery microresonators
• Coherent quantum dynamics of systems with coupling-induced creation pathways
• Efficient and high-fidelity entanglement in cavity QED without high cooperativity
• Resonant wavelengths of whispering gallery modes in dispersive materials
• Sub-Wavelength Plasmon Polaritons Channeling of Whispering Gallery Modes of Fluorescent Silica Microresonator
• Looking for optimal materials for whispering gallery modes applications at the 2 $\mu$m window
• Steady-state dynamics of quantum frequency combs in microring resonators
• Off-resonant emission of photon pairs in nonlinear optical cavities