Fifteen Years of Cold Matter on the Atom Chip: Promise, Realizations, and Prospects

Abstract

Here we review the field of atom chips in the context of Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC) as well as cold matter in general. Twenty years after the first realization of the BEC and fifteen years after the realization of the atom chip, the latter has been found to enable extraordinary feats: from producing BECs at a rate of several per second, through the realization of matter-wave interferometry, and all the way to novel probing of surfaces and new forces. In addition, technological applications are also being intensively pursued. This review will describe these developments and more, including new ideas which have not yet been realized.

44 pages, 36 figures, 389 references, table of contents, list of abbreviations

References in corpus (260)

• Graphene: Status and Prospects
• The Quantum Internet
• Feshbach Resonances in Ultracold Gases
• Quantum-enhanced measurements: beating the standard quantum limit
• Quantum information with Rydberg atoms
• Dipole Blockade and Quantum Information Processing in Mesoscopic Atomic Ensembles
• A quantum gas microscope - detecting single atoms in a Hubbard regime optical lattice
• Atom Interferometers
• Cold and Ultracold Molecules: Science, Technology, and Applications
• Relaxation and Pre-thermalization in an Isolated Quantum System
• Observation of Rydberg blockade between two atoms
• Nonlinear atom interferometer surpasses classical precision limit
• Quantum Simulation of Antiferromagnetic Spin Chains in an Optical Lattice
• Atom chip based generation of entanglement for quantum metrology
• Observation of collective excitation of two individual atoms in the Rydberg blockade regime
• Quantum technologies with hybrid systems
• Matter-wave interferometry in a double well on an atom chip
• Non-equilibrium coherence dynamics in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Observation of Strong Coupling between One Atom and a Monolithic Microresonator
• Laser cooling of a diatomic molecule
• Systematic evaluation of an atomic clock at 2e-18 total uncertainty
• Precision Measurement of the Newtonian Gravitational Constant Using Cold Atoms
• Experimental Observation of a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble
• High-fidelity preparation, gates, memory and readout of a trapped-ion quantum bit
• Superflow in a toroidal Bose-Einstein condensate: an atom circuit with a tunable weak link
• Quantum many-body models with cold atoms coupled to photonic crystals
• Atom interferometry with Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential
• Etching and Narrowing of Graphene from the Edges
• All-Optical Routing of Single Photons by a One-Atom Switch Controlled by a Single Photon
• A Quantum Rosetta Stone for Interferometry
• Atom-Light Interactions in Photonic Crystals
• A microfabricated surface-electrode ion trap for scalable quantum information processing
• Quantum information transfer using photons
• Measurement of the Temperature Dependence of the Casimir-Polder Force
• Single-atom imaging of fermions in a quantum-gas microscope
• Interferometry with Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity
• Multi-axis inertial sensing with long-time point source atom interferometry
• Atom Chips
• An Atom Michelson Interferometer on a Chip Using a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Surface Micro Trap
• Long Phase Coherence Time and Number Squeezing of two Bose-Einstein Condensates on an Atom Chip
• Laser cooling and slowing of CaF molecules
• Scaling and Suppression of Anomalous Quantum Decoherence in Ion Traps
• Experimental realization of Josephson junctions for an Atom SQUID
• Impact of the Casimir-Polder Potential and Johnson Noise on Bose-Einstein Condensate Stability near Surfaces
• Manipulation of Molecules with Electromagnetic Fields
• Integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer for Bose-Einstein condensates
• Guiding Neutral Atoms
• Measurement of the Casimir-Polder force through center-of-mass oscillations of a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Coherence in Microchip Traps
• Strong magnetic coupling of an ultracold gas to a superconducting waveguide cavity
• Integrated optical addressing of an ion qubit
• Quantum reflection of atoms from a solid surface at normal incidence
• New Experimental Constraints on Non-Newtonian Forces below 100 microns
• Loss and heating of particles in small and noisy traps
• Measurement of the Casimir force between a gold sphere and silicon surface with nanoscale trench arrays
• Repulsive Casimir Force in Chiral Metamaterials
• Propagation of Bose-Einstein condensates in a magnetic waveguide
• Observations of density fluctuations in an elongated Bose gas: ideal gas and quasi-condensate regimes
• Ion Trap in a Semiconductor Chip
• Suppression of Heating Rates in Cryogenic Surface-Electrode Ion Traps
• Precision measurement of gravity with cold atoms in an optical lattice and comparison with a classical gravimeter
• Improved constraints on non-Newtonian forces at 10 microns
• Coherent manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates with state-dependent microwave potentials on an atom chip
• New asymptotic behaviour of the surface-atom force out of thermal equilibrium
• Quantum metrology with a scanning probe atom interferometer
• A surface-patterned chip as a strong source of ultra-cold atoms for quantum technologies
• Effect of the Casimir-Polder force on the collective oscillations of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate
• Quantum Tests of the Einstein Equivalence Principle with the STE-QUEST Space Mission
• Thermally induced spin flips above an atom chip
• Sisyphus Cooling of Electrically Trapped Polyatomic Molecules
• Twin-atom beams
• Spin self-rephasing and very long coherence times in a trapped atomic ensemble
• Quantum levitation by left-handed metamaterials
• Reduction of anomalous heating in an in-situ-cleaned ion trap
• Low velocity quantum reflection of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Interference of Bose-Einstein Condensates on an Atom Chip
• Laser radiation pressure slowing of a molecular beam
• Adiabatic radio frequency potentials for the coherent manipulation of matter waves
• Evanescent light-matter Interactions in Atomic Cladding Wave Guides
• Time-averaged adiabatic ring potential for ultracold atoms
• Dynamics of a tunable superfluid junction
• A ring trap for ultracold atoms
• Reversible state transfer between superconducting qubits and atomic ensembles
• The Sagnac effect: 20 years of development in matter-wave interferometry
• Resonant coupling of a Bose-Einstein condensate to a micromechanical oscillator
• Probing Sub-Micron Forces by Interferometry of Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms
• Integration of fiber coupled high-Q silicon nitride microdisks with atom chips
• Nanoplasmonic Lattices for Ultracold atoms
• Probing Dark Energy with Atom Interferometry
• Time-Averaged Adiabatic Potentials: Versatile traps and waveguides for ultracold quantum gases
• The role of wire imperfections in micro magnetic traps for atoms
• Spatially Resolved Excitation of Rydberg Atoms and Surface Effects on an Atom Chip
• Microwave potentials and optimal control for robust quantum gates on an atom chip
• Deterministic generation of multiparticle entanglement by quantum Zeno dynamics
• Alkali adsorbate polarization on conducting and insulating surfaces probed with Bose-Einstein condensates
• Transverse Demagnetization Dynamics of a Unitary Fermi Gas
• Casimir force between designed materials: what is possible and what not
• Disordered Bose-Einstein Condensates in Quasi One-Dimensional Magnetic Microtraps
• The Feasibility of a Fully Miniaturized Magneto-Optical Trap for Portable Ultracold Quantum Technology
• Realization of a superconducting atom chip
• CPT symmetry and antimatter gravity in general relativity
• Fabrication and heating rate study of microscopic surface electrode ion traps
• Atom Optics with Microfabricated Optical Elements
• Continuous loading of an electrostatic trap for polar molecules
• Extraction of a single photon from an optical pulse
• Evidence for universal relations describing a gas with $p$-wave interactions
• Ground-State Cooling of a Single Atom at the Center of an Optical Cavity
• Transistor-Like Behavior of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Triple Well Potential
• Interferometry with non-classical motional states of a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Rapid sympathetic cooling to Fermi degeneracy on a chip
• Development of a strontium optical lattice clock for the SOC mission on the ISS
• Tunable spin-spin interactions and entanglement of ions in separate wells
• Manipulation and coherence of ultra-cold atoms on a superconducting atom chip
• A self-interfering clock as a "which path" witness
• Enhanced and reduced atom number fluctuations in a BEC splitter
• A high-flux BEC source for mobile atom interferometers
• Decoherence Dynamics in Low-Dimensional Cold Atom Interferometers
• Trapping and manipulating neutral atoms with electrostatic fields
• Hybrid Mechanical Systems
• Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Demonstration of Junction Surface Ion Traps
• Long-Range Order in Electronic Transport through Disordered Metal Films
• Optical hyperpolarization and NMR detection of ${}^{129}$Xe on a microfluidic chip
• Persistent Supercurrent Atom Chip
• Observation of atom wave phase shifts induced by van der Waals atom-surface interactions
• Superconducting Vortex Lattices for Ultracold Atoms
• Velocity tuning of friction with two trapped atoms
• Collective Excitation Interferometry with a Toroidal Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Atomic spin decoherence near conducting and superconducting films
• Direct Measurement of intermediate-range Casimir-Polder potentials
• Cooling of a one-dimensional Bose gas
• Trapping molecules on a chip in traveling potential wells
• Measuring Energy Differences by BEC Interferometry on a Chip
• Imaging of microwave fields using ultracold atoms
• From Optical Lattice Clocks to the Measurement of Forces in the Casimir Regime
• Fundamental Limits for Coherent Manipulation on Atom Chips
• Long-lived periodic revivals of coherence in an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
• Dynamically controlled toroidal and ring-shaped magnetic traps
• Detrimental adsorbate fields in experiments with cold Rydberg gases near surfaces
• Blue-detuned optical ring trap for Bose-Einstein condensates based on conical refraction
• Diffraction of a Bose-Einstein condensate from a Magnetic Lattice on a Micro Chip
• Disorder Potentials near Lithographically Fabricated Atom Chips
• Atom chips in the real world: the effects of wire corrugation
• Anomalous Longitudinal Magnetic Field near the Surface of Copper Conductors
• Reduction of heating rate in a microfabricated ion trap by pulsed-laser cleaning
• Bose-Einstein condensation on a superconducting atom chip
• Sagnac interferometry with a single atomic clock
• One-dimensional array of ion chains coupled to an optical cavity
• Sub-Doppler Cooling of Neutral Atoms in a Grating Magneto-Optical Trap
• An integrated atom-photon junction
• Casimir-Polder forces in the presence of thermally excited surface modes
• Design of a dual species atom interferometer for space
• Cooperative coupling of ultracold atoms and surface plasmons
• Stability of a trapped atom clock on a chip
• Ball-grid array architecture for microfabricated ion traps
• A quantum sensor for atom-surface interactions below 10 $\mu$m
• Electric field sensing near the surface microstructure of an atom chip using cold Rydberg atoms
• Observation of the Leggett-Rice effect in a unitary Fermi gas
• Vibrational mode multiplexing of ultracold atoms
• Spin flip lifetimes in superconducting atom chips: BCS versus Eliashberg theory
• Quantum reflection of antihydrogen from Casimir potential above matter slabs
• Feasibility of detecting single atoms using photonic bandgap cavities
• Pyramidal micro-mirrors for microsystems and atom chips
• Magnetic-film atom chip with 10 $\mu$m period lattices of microtraps for quantum information science with Rydberg atoms
• Trapping cold atoms near carbon nanotubes: thermal spin flips and Casimir-Polder potential
• Superconducting microfabricated ion traps
• RF-field-induced Feshbach resonances
• Casimir-Polder interaction between a polarizable particle and a plate with a hole
• Multi-layer atom chips for versatile atom micro manipulation
• Sensing Short-Range Forces with a Nanosphere Matter-Wave Interferometer
• Suppression of Ion Transport due to Long-Lived Sub-Wavelength Localization by an Optical Lattice
• Measurement of the trapping lifetime close to a cold metallic surface on a cryogenic atom-chip
• Bidirectional propagation of cold atoms in a "stadium" shaped magnetic guide
• Theoretical analysis of the implementation of a quantum phase gate with neutral atoms on atom chips
• Coherent manipulation of cold Rydberg atoms near the surface of an atom chip
• Periodic Array of Bose-Einstein condensates in a Magnetic Lattice
• Optical transport and manipulation of an ultracold atomic cloud using focus-tunable lenses
• Laser controlled tunneling in a vertical optical lattice
• Superconducting atom chips: advantages and challenges
• Cold atoms near superconductors: Atomic spin coherence beyond the Johnson noise limit
• Transport dynamics of ultracold atoms in a triple-well transistor-like potential
• Giant Quantum Reflection of Neon Atoms from a Ridged Silicon Surface
• Microwave guiding of electrons on a chip
• Adsorbate Electric Fields on a Cryogenic Atom Chip
• Mach-Zehnder interferometry with interacting trapped Bose-Einstein condensates
• Hybrid 2D surface trap for quantum simulation
• Arrays of open, independently tunable microcavities
• Trapping of ultra-cold atoms with the magnetic field of vortices in a thin film superconducting micro-structure
• Towards experimental quantum field tomography with ultracold atoms
• Limits on the accuracy of isoelectronic gravity measurements at short separation due to patch potentials
• Shielding vacuum fluctuations with graphene
• A Stark decelerator on a chip
• Prospects for fast Rydberg gates on an atom chip
• Nanowire atomchip traps for sub-micron atom-surface distances
• Fluctuation-induced forces between atoms and surfaces: the Casimir-Polder interaction
• Optimized magnetic lattices for ultracold atomic ensembles
• A single atom detector integrated on an atom chip: fabrication, characterization and application
• Trapping of ultra cold atoms in a 3He/4He dilution refrigerator
• Magnetic conveyor belt transport of ultracold atoms to a superconducting atomchip
• Heralded high-efficiency quantum repeater with atomic ensembles assisted by faithful single-photon transmission
• Exploiting soliton decay and phase fluctuations in atom chip interferometry of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Demonstration of an inductively coupled ring trap for cold atoms
• Trapping cold atoms using surface-grown carbon nanotubes
• Reduction of Magnetic Noise in Atom Chips by Material Optimization
• Sensitivity of ultracold atoms to quantized flux in a superconducting ring
• Casimir-Polder repulsion: Polarizable atoms, cylinders, spheres, and ellipsoids
• Reconfigurable self-sufficient traps for ultracold atoms based on a superconducting square
• Adjustable microchip ring trap for cold atoms and molecules
• Programmable trap geometries with superconducting atom chips
• Symmetric micro-wave potentials for interferometry with thermal atoms on a chip
• Optimal preparation of quantum states on an atom chip device
• Simultaneous optical trapping and detection of atoms by microdisk resonators
• Quantum Pumping with Ultracold Atoms on Microchips: Fermions versus Bosons
• Ultra-cold mechanical resonators coupled to atoms in an optical lattice
• Integrating cavity quantum electrodynamics and ultracold-atom chips with on-chip dielectric mirrors and temperature stabilization
• High-Resolution Imaging and Optical Control of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Atom Chip Magnetic Trap
• Microwave-stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a Bose-Einstein condensate on an atom chip
• Using time reversal symmetry for sensitive incoherent matter-wave Sagnac interferometry
• Electrodynamic trapping of spinless neutral atoms with an atom chip
• An on-chip optical lattice for cold atom experiments
• Dual-species quantum degeneracy of potassium-40 and rubidium-87 on an atom chip
• On the feasibility of studying vortex noise in 2D superconductors with cold atoms
• Sub-micron period lattice structures of magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms on an atom chip
• Atom chips with two-dimensional electron gases: theory of near surface trapping and ultracold-atom microscopy of quantum electronic systems
• Dynamical Casimir-Polder interaction between an atom and surface plasmons
• Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems
• Fast cavity-enhanced atom detection with low noise and high fidelity
• An optical lattice on an atom chip
• Towards a guided atom interferometer based on a superconducting atom chip
• One-dimensional transport of bosons between weakly linked reservoirs
• Magnetic confinement of neutral atoms based on patterned vortex distributions in superconducting disks and rings
• Organized Current Patterns in Disordered Conductors
• Quantum galvanometer by interfacing a vibrating nanowire and cold atoms
• Quantifying Finite Temperature Effects in Atom Chip Interferometry of Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Atom Chip Diffraction of Bose-Einstein Condensates: The Role of Inter-Atomic Interactions
• Inductively guided circuits for ultracold dressed atoms
• Imaging topologically protected transport with quantum degenerate gases
• Trapping ultracold gases near cryogenic materials with rapid reconfigurability
• Coherent transport by adiabatic passage on atom chips
• Quantum reflection and interference of matter waves from periodically doped surfaces
• Dynamic Matter-Wave Pulse Shaping
• Magnetic interactions of cold atoms with anisotropic conductors
• Microwave-dressed state-selective potentials for atom interferometry
• Phase space tomography of cold-atoms dynamics in a weakly corrugated potential
• Imaging Cold Molecules on a Chip
• Enhanced oscillation lifetime of a Bose-Einstein condensate in the 3D/1D crossover
• Piezoelectrically-actuated time-averaged atomic microtraps
• Inductive dressed ring traps for ultracold atoms
• Production of Rubidium Bose-Einstein Condensates at a 1 Hz Rate
• 3D modeling of magnetic atom traps on type-II superconductor chips
• Numerical model for atomtronic circuit analysis
• Single vortex fluctuations in a superconducting chip as generating dephasing and spin flips in cold atom traps
• Immersing carbon nano-tubes in cold atomic gases
• Shaking-induced dynamics of cold atoms in magnetic traps
• Freely configurable quantum simulator based on a two-dimensional array of individually trapped ions
• On the possibility of a relativistic correction to the E and B fields around a current-carrying wire
• Efficient Direct Evaporative Cooling in an Atom Chip Magnetic Trap
• Trapping neutral atoms in the field of a vortex pinned by a superconducting nano-disc
• Interferometry with Atoms
• Electron beam driven alkali metal atom source for loading a magneto-optical trap in a cryogenic environment

Cited by in corpus (68)

• Advances in Space Quantum Communications
• Roadmap on Atomtronics: State of the art and perspective
• Atomtronic circuits: from many-body physics to quantum technologies
• Realization of a complete Stern-Gerlach interferometer: Towards a test of quantum gravity
• Using a quantum work meter to test non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems
• Compact chip-scale guided cold atom gyrometers for inertial navigation: Enabling technologies and design study
• T^3-Stern-Gerlach Matter-Wave Interferometer
• Precise and diffraction-limited waveguide-to-free-space focusing gratings
• Single-beam Zeeman slower and magneto-optical trap using a nanofabricated grating
• Two-dimensional grating magneto-optical trap
• Readout of the atomtronic quantum interference device
• Quantum-based vacuum metrology at NIST
• Nano-structured alkali-metal vapor cells
• Cavity-mediated unconventional pairing in ultracold fermionic atoms
• Wading through the void: Exploring quantum friction and nonequilibrium fluctuations
• Evaporative cooling from an optical dipole trap in microgravity
• Quantum memories for fundamental science in space
• Investigation of two-frequency Paul traps for antihydrogen production
• Light-induced atomic desorption of lithium
• Noise Sensitivities for an Atom Shuttled by a Moving Optical Lattice via Shortcuts to Adiabaticity
• Ultrabright and narrowband intra-fiber biphoton source at ultralow pump power
• Grating design methodology for tailored free-space beam-forming
• Magnetically guided Cesium interferometer for inertial sensing
• A perspective on integrated atomo-photonic waveguide circuits
• Stern-Gerlach Interferometry with the Atom Chip
• Collective suppression of optical hyperfine pumping in dense clouds of atoms in microtraps
• On loading of a magneto-optical trap on an atom-chip with U-wire quadrupole field
• Principles of tractor atom interferometry
• Precision measurements with cold atoms and trapped ions
• Quantum thermodynamics of overdamped modes in local and spatially dispersive materials
• Characterization of Suspended Membrane Waveguides towards a Photonic Atom Trap Integrated Platform
• Atomtronic multi-terminal Aharonov-Bohm interferometer
• Quantum Atom Optics: Theory and Applications to Quantum Technology
• Near source fluorescence spectroscopy for miniaturized thermal atomic beams
• Stern-Gerlach splitting of low-energy ion beams
• Repulsive vacuum-induced forces on a magnetic particle
• Countering a fundamental law of attraction with quantum wavepacket engineering
• Peak, valley and intermediate regimes in the lateral van der Waals force
• $\Lambda$-enhanced gray molasses in a tetrahedral laser beam geometry
• On-chip quantum tomography of mechanical nano-scale oscillators with guided Rydberg atoms
• Boosting photonic quantum computation with moderate nonlinearity
• Sign inversion in the lateral van der Waals force
• Collimated versatile atomic beam source with alkali dispensers
• High-accuracy Casimir-Polder force calculations using the Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Domain method
• Regimes of the lateral van der Waals force in the presence of dielectrics
• Current-induced magnetization hysteresis defines atom trapping in a superconducting atomchip
• Optically Tailored Trapping Geometries for Ultracold Atoms on a Type-II Superconducting Chip
• Design of Magneto-Optical Traps for Additive Manufacture by 3D Printing
• Single-shot Stern-Gerlach magnetic gradiometer with an expanding cloud of cold cesium atoms
• Many-body exceptional points in colliding condensates
• Geometric phase amplification in a clock interferometer for enhanced metrology
• Solid-state magnetic traps and lattices
• Tunable axial potentials for atom chip waveguides
• Robust spatial coherence 5$\mu$m from a room-temperature atom chip
• Micro-integrated crossed-beam optical dipole trap system with long-term alignment stability for mobile atomic quantum technologies
• Efficient quantum state preparation using Stern-Gerlach effect on cold atoms
• Stimulated Laser Cooling Using Microfabrication
• Mitigating noise of residual electric fields for single Rydberg atoms with electron photodesorption
• Stability analysis of a magnetic waveguide with self-generated offset field
• Hyperfine transition induced by atomic motion above a paraffin-coated magnetic film
• Demonstration of a MOT in a Sub-Millimeter Membrane Hole
• Atom chips with free-standing two-dimensional electron gases: advantages and challenges
• A time-orbiting potential chip trap for cold atoms
• Removal of high-voltage-induced surface charges by ultraviolet light
• Observation of Anomalous Moiré Patterns
• Quantum Atomic Matter Near Two-Dimensional Materials in Microgravity
• Heat transfer and entanglement -- non-equilibrium correlation spectra of two quantum oscillators
• Exploring the Accuracy of Interferometric Quantum Measurements under Conservation Laws