Enhanced and reduced atom number fluctuations in a BEC splitter

Abstract

We measure atom number statistics after splitting a gas of ultracold 87Rb atoms in a purely magnetic double-well potential created on an atom chip. Well below the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation T_c, we observe reduced fluctuations down to -4.9dB below the atom shot noise level. Fluctuations rise to more than +3.8dB close to T_c, before reaching the shot noise level for higher temperatures. We use two-mode and classical field simulations to model these results. This allows us to confirm that the super-shot noise fluctuations directly originate from quantum statistics.

References in corpus (7)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Matter-wave interferometry in a double well on an atom chip
• Squeezing and entanglement in a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Long Phase Coherence Time and Number Squeezing of two Bose-Einstein Condensates on an Atom Chip
• Strong saturation absorption imaging of dense clouds of ultracold atoms
• Preparing and probing atomic number states with an atom interferometer
• Particle number fluctuations in a cloven trapped Bose gas at finite temperature

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