Initial State Quantum Fluctuations in the Little Bang

Abstract

We review recent developments in the ab-initio theoretical description of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions. We emphasize the importance of fluctuations, both for the phenomenological description of experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and the theoretical understanding of the non-equilibrium early time dynamics and thermalization of the medium.

17 pages, 9 figures, Manuscript accepted by Annual Reviews of Nuclear and Particle Science

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• 3-D Glasma initial state for relativistic heavy ion collisions
• High Gluon Densities in Heavy Ions Collisions
• Importance of initial and final state effects for azimuthal correlations in p+Pb collisions
• Glauber Monte Carlo predictions for ultra-relativistic collisions with ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$
• Quantum chaos, thermalization and entanglement generation in real-time simulations of the BFSS matrix model
• Exploring the initial stages in heavy-ion collisions with high-pT RAA and v2 theory and data
• Applications of emulation and Bayesian methods in heavy-ion physics
• String percolation threshold for elliptically bounded systems
• Thermalization of overpopulated systems in the 2PI formalism
• Fluctuations of the multiplicity of produced particles in onium-nucleus collisions
• Acceleration as a circular motion along an imaginary circle: Kubo-Martin-Schwinger condition for accelerating field theories in imaginary-time formalism
• Utilizing high-$p_{\perp }$ theory and data to constrain the initial stages of quark-gluon plasma
• World-line formulation of chiral kinetic theory in topological background gauge fields
• The quest for the quark-gluon plasma from the perspective of dynamical models of relativistic heavy-ion collisions