Isospin properties of quark matter from a 3-flavor NJL model

Abstract

We have studied the properties of hot and dense quark matter based on the 3-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model as well as its Polyakov-loop extension (pNJL) with scalar-isovector and vector-isovector couplings. Provided a considerable large isospin asymmetry or isospin chemical potential, isospin splittings of constituent mass, chiral phase transition boundary, and critical point for $u$ and $d$ quarks can be observed for positive isovector coupling constants but are suppressed for negative ones. The quark matter symmetry energy decreases with the increasing isovector coupling constant, and is mostly enhanced in the pNJL model than in the NJL model. A positive scalar-isovector coupling constant is more likely to lead to an unstable isospin asymmetric quark matter. The isovector coupling has been further found to affect particle fractions as well as the equation of state in hybrid stars. Possible effects on the isospin properties of quark matter have also been discussed if the strangeness sector is further broken among the flavor symmetry.

12 pages, 11 figures, significantly revised, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D

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• Symmetry energy effects on the properties of hybrid stars
• Isospin splitting of pion elliptic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Collision energy dependence of elliptic flow splitting between particles and their antiparticles from an extended multiphase transport model
• Properties of strange quark stars with isovector interactions
• 3-dimensional QCD phase diagram with pion condensate in the NJL model
• Properties of quark-matter cores in massive hybrid stars
• Charge asymmetry dependence of the elliptic flow splitting in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Speed of sound and polytropic index in QCD matter
• The QCD critical point from the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model with a scalar-vector interaction
• Isospin effect on baryon and charge fluctuations from the pNJL model
• Quark matter symmetry energy effect on equation of state for neutron stars
• Isospin effect on quark matter instabilities