Subhalo abundance matching and assembly bias in the EAGLE simulation

Abstract

Subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) is a widely-used method to connect galaxies with dark matter structures in numerical simulations. SHAM predictions agree remarkably well with observations, yet they still lack strong theoretical support. We examine the performance, implementation, and assumptions of SHAM using the EAGLE project simulations. We find that $V_{\mathrm{relax}}$, the highest value of the circular velocity attained by a subhalo while it satisfies a relaxation criterion, is the subhalo property that correlates most strongly with galaxy stellar mass ($M_{\mathrm{star}}$). Using this parameter in SHAM, we retrieve the real-space clustering of EAGLE to within our statistical uncertainties on scales greater than $2$ Mpc for galaxies with $8.77<{\log }_{10}(M_{\mathrm{star}}[M_{\odot }])<10.77$. Conversely, clustering is overestimated by $30\%$ on scales below $2$ Mpc for galaxies with $8.77<{\log }_{10}(M_{\mathrm{star}}[M_{\odot }])<9.77$ because SHAM slightly overpredicts the fraction of satellites in massive haloes compared to EAGLE. The agreement is even better in redshift-space, where the clustering is recovered to within our statistical uncertainties for all masses and separations. Additionally, we analyse the dependence of galaxy clustering on properties other than halo mass, i.e. the assembly bias. We demonstrate assembly bias alters the clustering in EAGLE by $20\%$ and that $V_{\mathrm{relax}}$ captures its effect to within $15\%$. We trace small differences in the clustering to the failure of SHAM as typically implemented, i.e. the $M_{\mathrm{star}}$ assigned to a subhalo does not depend on i) its host halo mass, ii) whether it is a central or a satellite. In EAGLE we find that these assumptions are not completely satisfied.

20 pages, 14 figures

References in corpus (19)

• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• The effect of photo-ionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas
• Chemical enrichment in cosmological, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations
• The unexpected diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves
• Baryon effects on the internal structure of LCDM halos in the EAGLE simulations
• Assembly bias in the clustering of dark matter haloes
• Halo assembly bias and its effects on galaxy clustering
• The Cold Dark Matter Halos of Local Group Dwarf Spheroidals
• The detectability of baryonic acoustic oscillations in future galaxy surveys
• On Halo Formation Times and Assembly Bias
• Star formation quenching in simulated group and cluster galaxies: When, how, and why?
• Simulating Subhalos at High Redshift: Merger Rates, Counts, and Types
• Cosmological constraints from the CFHTLenS shear measurements using a new, accurate and flexible way of predicting nonlinear mass clustering
• The nature of assembly bias - I. Clues from a LCDM cosmology
• Environmental Effects on Real-Space and Redshift-Space Galaxy Clustering
• The nature of assembly bias - II. Halo spin
• The galaxy - dark matter halo connection: which galaxy properties are correlated with the host halo mass?

Cited by in corpus (139)

• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: matter and galaxy clustering
• The Connection between Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos
• The Hydrangea simulations: galaxy formation in and around massive clusters
• Lensing is Low: Cosmology, Galaxy Formation, or New Physics?
• The BACCO Simulation Project: Exploiting the full power of large-scale structure for cosmology
• Large-scale dark matter simulations
• The origin of scatter in the stellar mass - halo mass relation of central galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
• The Impact of Assembly Bias on the Galaxy Content of Dark Matter Halos
• Hydrodynamical simulations of the galaxy population: enduring successes and outstanding challenges
• Mapping stellar content to dark matter halos. II. Halo mass is the main driver of galaxy quenching
• The Concentration Dependence of the Galaxy-Halo Connection: Modeling Assembly Bias with Abundance Matching
• Beyond Assembly Bias: Exploring Secondary Halo Biases for Cluster-size Haloes
• Halo assembly bias and the tidal anisotropy of the local halo environment
• The impact of assembly bias on the halo occupation in hydrodynamical simulations
• Constraining $M_{\nu }$ with the Bispectrum II: The Total Information Content of the Galaxy Bispectrum
• Modelling galaxy clustering: halo occupation distribution versus subhalo matching
• Revealing the galaxy-halo connection in IllustrisTNG
• The Splashback Feature around DES Galaxy Clusters: Galaxy Density and Weak Lensing Profiles
• Quantifying scatter in galaxy formation at the lowest masses
• Going, going, gone dark: Quantifying the scatter in the faintest dwarf galaxies
• Dissecting and Modelling Galaxy Assembly Bias
• Testing the theory of gravity with DESI: estimators, predictions and simulation requirements
• The tidal evolution of dark matter substructure -- II. The impact of artificial disruption on subhalo mass functions and radial profiles
• The Evolution of Assembly Bias
• Stringent ${\sigma }_8$ constraints from small-scale galaxy clustering using a hybrid MCMC+emulator framework
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): halo formation times and halo assembly bias on the cosmic web
• The Galaxy Clustering Crisis in Abundance Matching
• Large-scale assembly bias of dark matter halos
• A flexible modelling of galaxy assembly bias
• The galaxy-halo connection of emission-line galaxies in IllustrisTNG
• A flexible subhalo abundance matching model for galaxy clustering in redshift space
• Extensions to models of the galaxy-halo connection
• Accurate mass and velocity functions of dark matter halos
• How to add massive neutrinos to your $\Lambda$CDM simulation -- extending cosmology rescaling algorithms
• The manifestation of secondary halo bias on the galaxy population from IllustrisTNG300
• The impact of galaxy formation on satellite kinematics and redshift-space distortions
• On the influence of halo mass accretion history on galaxy properties and assembly bias
• Elucidating Galaxy Assembly Bias in SDSS
• Large-scale redshift space distortions in modified gravity theories
• A machine learning approach to mapping baryons onto dark matter haloes using the EAGLE and C-EAGLE simulations
• 3\%-accurate predictions for the clustering of dark matter, haloes and subhaloes, over a wide range of cosmologies and scales
• The Immitigable Nature of Assembly Bias: The Impact of Halo Definition on Assembly Bias
• The effects of assembly bias on cosmological inference from galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clusters
• Illustrating galaxy-halo connection in the DESI era with IllustrisTNG
• Baryons in the CosmicWeb of IllustrisTNG -- II: the Connection among Galaxies, Halos, their Formation Time and their Location in the Cosmic Web
• The MillenniumTNG Project: An improved two-halo model for the galaxy-halo connection of red and blue galaxies
• ADDGALS: Simulated Sky Catalogs for Wide Field Galaxy Surveys
• The Bacco Simulation Project: Bacco Hybrid Lagrangian Bias Expansion Model in Redshift Space
• Quenching and morphological evolution due to circumgalactic gas expulsion in a simulated galaxy with a controlled assembly history
• Priors on Lagrangian bias parameters from galaxy formation modelling
• Testing the Accuracy of Halo Occupation Distribution Modelling using Hydrodynamic Simulations
• How are galaxies assigned to halos? Searching for assembly bias in the SDSS galaxy clustering
• The MillenniumTNG Project: Refining the one-halo model of red and blue galaxies at different redshifts
• No evidence for modifications of gravity from galaxy motions on cosmological scales
• The Conditional Colour-Magnitude Distribution: I. A Comprehensive Model of the Colour-Magnitude-Halo Mass Distribution of Present-Day Galaxies
• Galaxy assembly bias of central galaxies in the Illustris simulation
• How to Optimally Constrain Galaxy Assembly Bias: Supplement Projected Correlation Functions with Count-in-cells Statistics
• Dependence of Halo Bias and Kinematics on Assembly Variables
• The MillenniumTNG Project: Inferring cosmology from galaxy clustering with accelerated N-body scaling and subhalo abundance matching
• The cosmological dependence of halo and galaxy assembly bias
• On the prospect of using the maximum circular velocity of halos to encapsulate assembly bias in the galaxy-halo connection
• The impact of baryonic physics on the abundance, clustering, and concentration of halos
• Can Assembly Bias Explain the Lensing Amplitude of the BOSS CMASS Sample in a Planck Cosmology?
• ZOMG II: Does the halo assembly history influence central galaxies and gas accretion?
• The Galaxy-Halo Connection for $1.5\lesssim z\lesssim 5$ as revealed by the \emph{Spitzer} Matching survey of the UltraVISTA ultra-deep Stripes
• An accurate method to determine the systematics due to the peculiar velocities of galaxies in measuring the Hubble constant from gravitational wave standard sirens
• Is ram-pressure stripping an efficient mechanism to remove gas in galaxies?
• Evidence of Galaxy Assembly Bias in SDSS DR7 Galaxy Samples from Count Statistics
• SHAM through the lens of a hydrodynamical simulation
• The galaxy-halo size relation of low-mass galaxies in FIRE
• Construct the emission line galaxy-host halo connection through auto and cross correlations
• Consistent and simultaneous modelling of galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with Subhalo Abundance Matching
• The Effects of Galaxy Assembly Bias on the Inference of Growth Rate from Redshift-Space Distortions
• KiDS+GAMA: The weak lensing calibrated stellar-to-halo mass relation of central and satellite galaxies
• The dependence of subhalo abundance matching on galaxy photometry and selection criteria
• The evolution of the baryon fraction in halos as a cause of scatter in the galaxy stellar mass in the EAGLE simulation
• The trajectories of galaxies in groups: mass loss and preprocessing
• Modeling Redshift-Space Clustering with Abundance Matching
• Constraints on the Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function I: Role of Star Formation, Mergers and Stellar Stripping
• Connections between galaxy properties and halo formation time in the cosmic web
• Rosella: A mock catalogue from the P-Millennium simulation
• The galaxy - halo connection in low mass halos
• On the detectability of strong lensing in near-infrared surveys
• HOD modelling of high redshift galaxies using the BLUETIDES simulation
• Separate Universe calibration of the dependence of halo bias on cosmic web anisotropy
• Differentiable Predictions for Large Scale Structure with SHAMNet
• Constraining Dark Energy With Stacked Concave Lenses
• SHAMe-SF: Predicting the clustering of star-forming galaxies with an enhanced abundance matching model
• Not Hydro: Using Neural Networks to estimate galaxy properties on a Dark-Matter-Only simulation
• The Uchuu-GLAM BOSS and eBOSS LRG lightcones: Exploring clustering and covariance errors
• Cosmic Cartography: Bayesian reconstruction of the galaxy density informed by large-scale structure
• An Enhanced Massive Black Hole Occupation Fraction Predicted in Cluster Dwarf Galaxies
• The DESI One-Percent Survey: Modelling the clustering and halo occupation of all four DESI tracers with Uchuu
• $\text{PineTree}$: A generative, fast, and differentiable halo model for wide-field galaxy surveys
• Investigating the galaxy-halo connection of DESI Emission-Line Galaxies with SHAMe-SF
• Using the Modified Nearest Neighbor Method to Correct Fiber-collision Effects on Galaxy Clustering
• Validating the clustering predictions of empirical models with the FLAMINGO simulations
• Inferring dark matter halo properties for HI-selected galaxies
• The Dark Matter Halos of HI Selected Galaxies
• The morphology of star-forming gas and its alignment with galaxies and dark matter haloes in the EAGLE simulations
• Subhalo abundance matching in $f(R)$ gravity
• Accurate Modeling of the Projected Galaxy Clustering in Photometric Surveys: I. Tests with Mock Catalogs
• LARgE Survey -- II. The Dark Matter Halos and the Progenitors and Descendants of Ultra-Massive Passive Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
• A sparse regression approach to modeling the relation between galaxy stellar masses and their host halos
• Multi-wavelength consensus of large-scale linear bias
• Satellite galaxy abundance dependency on cosmology in Magneticum simulations
• New insight into the variability of the Be star $\pi$ Aquarii: Determination of stellar and disk parameters
• Constraints on the Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function II: Quenching Timescale of Galaxies and its Implication for their Star Formation Rate
• Exploring the physical origins of halo assembly bias from early times
• Subhalo abundance matching using progenitor mass at varying redshift: Two modes of stellar mass growth imprinted into the Subaru HSC galaxy clustering
• Measuring the growth of structure by matching dark matter haloes to galaxies with VIPERS and SDSS
• Cosmic Cartography II: completing galaxy catalogs for gravitational-wave cosmology
• Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with extended SubHalo Abundance Matching
• Bimodal Formation Time Distribution for Infall Dark Matter Halos
• Non-Gaussian assembly bias from a semi-analytic galaxy formation model
• Unraveling emission line galaxy conformity at z~1 with DESI early data
• An Improved and Physically-Motivated Scheme for Matching Galaxies with Dark Matter Halos
• Conditional Colour-Magnitude Distribution of Central Galaxies in Galaxy Formation Models
• Galaxy assembly bias and large-scale distribution: a comparison between IllustrisTNG and a semi-analytic model
• A fully Lagrangian, non-parametric bias model for dark-matter halos
• Modelling the tightest relation between galaxy properties and dark matter halo properties from hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation
• Modeling Strong Lenses from Wide-Field Ground-Based Observations in KiDS and GAMA
• Dark from light (DfL): Inferring halo properties from luminous tracers with machine learning trained on cosmological simulations. I. Method, proof of concept & preliminary testing
• ACACIA: a new method to produce on-the-fly merger trees in the RAMSES code
• Scatter in the star formation rate-halo mass relation: secondary bias and its impact on line-intensity mapping
• ELG$\times$LRG distribution through dark matter halo dynamics
• Probabilistic Lagrangian bias estimators and the cumulant bias expansion
• Assembly bias in quadratic bias parameters of dark matter halos from forward modeling
• SHAM-OT: Rapid Subhalo Abundance Matching with Optimal Transport
• A sparse regression approach for populating dark matter halos and subhalos with galaxies
• Toward accurate measurement of property-dependent galaxy clustering I. Comparison of the Vmax method and the "shuffled" method
• Predicting halo occupation and galaxy assembly bias with machine learning
• Galaxy assembly bias in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations: a comparison between SIMBA and IllustrisTNG
• On the dependence of galaxy assembly bias on the selection criteria, number density, and redshift of galaxy samples
• A Non-parametric Method for the Inference of Halo Occupation Distributions
• Exploring the halo occupation distribution for moderate X-ray luminosity active galactic nuclei in the EAGLE cosmological simulation
• Correlation between Outlying Halo Abundance and Host Halo Properties
• Sahyadri: A simulation suite for the cosmology dependence of the Cosmic Web
• Testing the key role of the stellar mass-halo mass relation in galaxy merger rates and morphologies via DECODE, a novel Discrete statistical sEmi-empiriCal mODEl