The MillenniumTNG Project: Inferring cosmology from galaxy clustering with accelerated N-body scaling and subhalo abundance matching

Abstract

We introduce a novel technique for constraining cosmological parameters and galaxy assembly bias using non-linear redshift-space clustering of galaxies. We scale cosmological N-body simulations and insert galaxies with the SubHalo Abundance Matching extended (SHAMe) empirical model to generate over 175,000 clustering measurements spanning all relevant cosmological and SHAMe parameter values. We then build an emulator capable of reproducing the projected galaxy correlation function at the monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole level for separations between $0.1h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$ and $25h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$. We test this approach by using the emulator and Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) inference to jointly estimate cosmology and assembly bias parameters both for the MTNG740 hydrodynamic simulation and for a semi-analytical galaxy formation model (SAM) built on the MTNG740-DM dark matter-only simulation, obtaining unbiased results for all cosmological parameters. For instance, for MTNG740 and a galaxy number density of $n\sim 0.01h^3{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-3}$, we obtain ${\sigma }_8=0.799_{-0.044}^{+0.039}$ (${\sigma }_{8,\mathrm{MTNG}}=$ 0.8159), and ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{M}}{h}^2=0.138_{-0.018}^{+0.025}$ (${\Omega }_{\mathrm{M}}{h}_{\mathrm{MTNG}}^2=$ 0.142). For fixed Hubble parameter ($h$), the constraint becomes ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{M}}{h}^2=0.137_{-0.012}^{+0.011}$. Our method performs similarly well for the SAM and for other tested sample densities. We almost always recover the true amount of galaxy assembly bias within one sigma. The best constraints are obtained when scales smaller than $2h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$ are included, as well as when at least the projected correlation function and the monopole are incorporated. These methods offer a powerful way to constrain cosmological parameters using galaxy surveys.

18 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS

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• The MillenniumTNG Project: The impact of baryons and massive neutrinos on high-resolution weak gravitational lensing convergence maps
• A Parameter-Masked Mock Data Challenge for Beyond-Two-Point Galaxy Clustering Statistics
• The MillenniumTNG Project: Semi-analytic galaxy formation models on the past lightcone
• The impact of baryons on the internal structure of dark matter haloes from dwarf galaxies to superclusters in the redshift range 0<z<7
• The Uchuu-GLAM BOSS and eBOSS LRG lightcones: Exploring clustering and covariance errors
• Investigating the galaxy-halo connection of DESI Emission-Line Galaxies with SHAMe-SF
• Validating the clustering predictions of empirical models with the FLAMINGO simulations
• Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with extended SubHalo Abundance Matching
• Simulation-guided galaxy evolution inference: A case study with strong lensing galaxies
• Differences in baryonic and dark matter scaling relations of galaxy clusters: A comparison between IllustrisTNG simulations and observations
• On the dependence of galaxy assembly bias on the selection criteria, number density, and redshift of galaxy samples