Subhalo abundance matching using progenitor mass at varying redshift: Two modes of stellar mass growth imprinted into the Subaru HSC galaxy clustering

Abstract

We propose a novel subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) model that uses the virial mass of the main progenitor of each (sub)halo $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ as a proxy of the galaxy stellar mass $M_{\ast }$ at the time of observation. This $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ model predicts the two-point correlation functions depending on the choice of the epoch $z_{\mathrm{prog}}$ at which $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ is quoted. With $z_{\mathrm{prog}}$ as a fitting parameter, we apply the $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ model to the angular correlation functions measured with varying stellar mass thresholds from $M_{\ast ,\lim }/(h^{-2}{M}_{\odot })=10^{11}$ to $10^{8.6}$ using a sample of galaxies at $z\simeq 0.4$ from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey. The $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ model can reproduce the observations very well over $10h^{-1}\mathrm{kpc}\text{–}10h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$. We find that, for the samples of $10^{9.2}\le M_{\ast ,\lim }/(h^{-2}{M}_{\odot })\le 10^{10.2}$, the correlation functions predicted by the widely-used $V_{\mathrm{peak}}$ model lack amplitudes at $\lesssim 1h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$, suggesting that $M_{\mathrm{prog}}$ is a better proxy of the galaxy stellar mass than conventional $V_{\mathrm{peak}}$. The $z_{\mathrm{prog}}$ parameter is highest ($z_{\mathrm{prog}}\simeq 3$) for intermediate mass galaxies at $M_{\ast }\simeq 10^{9.9}{h}^{-2}{M}_{\odot }$, and becomes smaller down to $z_{\mathrm{prog}}\simeq 1$ for both lower- and higher-mass galaxies. We interpret these trends as reflecting the downsizing in the in-situ star formation in lower-mass galaxies and the larger contribution of the ex-situ stellar mass growth in higher-mass galaxies.

12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, the angular correlation function data of the HSC galaxies are available on https://sites.google.com/view/smasaki/works-%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%A5%AD%E7%B8%BE?authuser=0

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