A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature

Abstract

Skyrmions, topologically protected vortex-like nanometric spin textures in magnets, have been attracting increasing attention for emergent electromagnetic responses and possible technological applications for spintronics. In particular, metallic magnets with chiral and cubic/tetragonal crystal structure may have high potential to host skyrmions that can be driven by low electrical current excitation. However, experimental observations of skyrmions have so far been limited to below room temperature for the metallic chiral magnets, specifically for the MnSi-type B20 compounds. Toward technological applications, it is crucial to transcend this limitation. Here we demonstrate the formation of skyrmions with unique spin helicity both at and above room temperature in a family of cubic chiral magnets: beta-Mn-type Co-Zn-Mn alloys with a different chiral space group from that of B20 compounds. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM), magnetization, and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements unambiguously reveal the formation of a skyrmion crystal under the application of magnetic field (H<~1 kOe) in both thin- plate (thickness<150 nm) and bulk forms.

arXiv comment17 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (15)

• Skyrmion Lattice in a Chiral Magnet
• Topological Hall effect in the A-phase of MnSi
• Spin Transfer Torques in MnSi at Ultra-low Current Densities
• Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet
• Current-induced skyrmion dynamics in constricted geometries
• Theory of current-driven motion of Skyrmions and spirals in helical magnets
• Multiple-q states and skyrmion lattice of the triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet under magnetic fields
• Dynamics of Skyrmion Crystals in Metallic Thin Films
• Long wavelength helimagnetic order and skyrmion lattice phase in Cu2OSeO3
• Unusual Hall Effect Anomaly in MnSi Under Pressure
• Magnetic structures and reorientation transitions in noncentrosymmetric uniaxial antiferromagnets
• Rotating skyrmion lattices by spin torques and field or temperature gradients
• Electric field-induced Skyrmion distortion and giant lattice rotation in the magnetoelectric insulator Cu2OSeO3
• Magnetoelectric nature of skyrmions in a chiral magnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3
• Exploration of the helimagnetic and skyrmion lattice phase diagram in Cu2OSeO3 using magnetoelectric susceptibility

Cited by in corpus (221)

• Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmion at room temperature
• Skyrmions at room temperature : From magnetic thin films to magnetic multilayers
• Discovery of Magnetic Antiskyrmions Beyond Room Temperature in Tetragonal Heusler Materials
• Skyrmions in Magnetic Multilayers
• Skyrmion-electronics: Writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications
• Full phase diagram of isolated skyrmions in a ferromagnet
• Nanometric square skyrmion lattice in a centrosymmetric tetragonal magnet
• Heusler, Weyl, and Berry
• The properties of isolated chiral skyrmions in thin magnetic films
• Experimental observation of magnetic bobbers for a new concept of magnetic solid-state memory
• Depinning and nonequilibrium dynamic phases of particle assemblies driven over random and ordered substrates: a review
• A centrosymmetric hexagonal magnet with superstable biskyrmion magnetic nanodomains in a wide temperature range of 100K to 340K
• Robust metastable skyrmions and their triangular-square lattice-structural transition in a high-temperature chiral magnet
• Collective spin excitations of helices and magnetic skyrmions: review and perspectives of magnonics in non-centrosymmetric magnets
• Direct imaging of a zero-field target skyrmion and its polarity switch in a chiral magnetic nanodisk
• Statics and Dynamics of Skyrmions Interacting with Pinning: A Review
• Topological stability versus thermal agitation in a metastable magnetic skyrmion lattice
• Hund's rule-driven Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at 3d-5d interfaces
• Ground state search, hysteretic behaviour, and reversal mechanism of skyrmionic textures in confined helimagnetic nanostructures
• Néel-type skyrmion lattice in tetragonal polar magnet VOSe${}_2$O${}_5$
• Topological Magnetic Phase in the Candidate Weyl Semimetal CeAlGe
• Real-space imaging of confined magnetic skyrmion tubes
• Observation of two independent skyrmion phases in a chiral magnetic material
• Entropy-limited topological protection of skyrmions
• Spiral spin-liquid and the emergence of a vortex-like state in MnSc${}_2$S${}_4$
• Electrical manipulation of skyrmions in a chiral magnet
• Static Hopf Solitons and Knotted Emergent Fields in Solid-State Noncentrosymmetric Magnetic Nanostructures
• Chiral Magnetic Skyrmions with Arbitrary Topological Charge ("skyrmionic sacks")
• Propagating spin excitations along skyrmion strings
• Room-temperature antiskyrmions and sawtooth surface textures in a noncentrosymmetric magnet with $S_4$ symmetry
• Topological spin crystals by itinerant frustration
• Drive Dependence of the Skyrmion Hall Effect in Disordered Systems
• Emergent topological spin structures in a centrosymmetric cubic perovskite
• Skyrmions with attractive interactions in an ultrathin magnetic film
• Anomalous Hall resistivity and possible topological Hall effect in the EuAl${}_4$ antiferromagnet
• Zoology of multiple-Q spin textures in a centrosymmetric tetragonal magnet with itinerant electrons
• Uniaxial pressure dependence of magnetic order in MnSi
• Filming the formation and fluctuation of Skyrmion domains by cryo-Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy
• Stability of skyrmion lattices and symmetries of quasi-two-dimensional chiral magnets
• Complex magnetic phase diagram and skyrmion lifetime in an ultrathin film from atomistic simulations
• Formation and stability of metastable skyrmionic spin structures with various topologies in an ultrathin film
• Edge instabilities and skyrmion creation in magnetic layers
• Direct visualization of three-dimensional shape of skyrmion strings in a noncentrosymmetric magnet
• Skyrmion formation in a bulk chiral magnet at zero magnetic field and above room temperature
• Asymmetric isolated skyrmions in polar magnets with easy-plane anisotropy
• Low-field anomalous magnetic phase in the kagome-lattice shandite Co3Sn2S2
• Observation of domain wall bimerons in chiral magnets
• Magnus-Induced Ratchet Effects for Skyrmions Interacting with Asymmetric Substrates
• Generic aspects of skyrmion lattices in chiral magnets
• Multi-step topological transitions among meron and skyrmion crystals in a centrosymmetric magnet
• Degeneracy Lifting of Néel, Bloch, and Anti-Skyrmion Crystals in Centrosymmetric Tetragonal Systems
• Metastable skyrmion lattices governed by magnetic disorder and anisotropy in $\beta$-Mn-type chiral magnets
• Spin-wave spectroscopy on Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in room-temperature chiral magnets hosting skyrmions
• Symmetry breaking, slow relaxation dynamics, and topological defects at the field-induced helix reorientation in MnSi
• In situ Electric Field Skyrmion Creation in Magnetoelectric Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Unraveling the role of dipolar versus Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in stabilizing compact magnetic skyrmions
• Dynamical defects in rotating magnetic skyrmion lattices
• Effective spin model in momentum space: Toward a systematic understanding of multiple-$Q$ instability by momentum-resolved anisotropic exchange interactions
• A transmission electron microscope study of Néel skyrmion magnetic textures in multilayer thin film systems with large interfacial chiral interaction
• Magnetoentropic signatures of skyrmionic phase behavior in FeGe
• Fluctuations and Noise Signatures of Driven Magnetic Skyrmions
• Detection of antiskyrmions by topological Hall effect in Heusler compounds
• Generation of magnetic skyrmion bubbles by inhomogeneous spin Hall currents
• Deciphering structural and magnetic disorder in the chiral skyrmion host materials Co${}_x$Zn${}_y$Mn${}_z$ ($x+y+z=20$)
• Skyrmion crystal and spiral phases in centrosymmetric bilayer magnets with staggered Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
• Shapiro Steps for Skyrmion Motion on a Washboard Potential with Longitudinal and Transverse ac Drives
• Current-driven skyrmion expulsion from magnetic nanostrips
• Controlling the helicity of magnetic skyrmions in a $\beta$-Mn-type high-temperature chiral magnet
• Dramatic pressure-driven enhancement of bulk skyrmion stability
• Thermal Creep and the Skyrmion Hall Angle in Driven Skyrmion Crystals
• Thermodynamic evidence of a second skyrmion lattice phase and tilted conical phase in Cu${}_2$0SeO${}_3$
• Spin order and fluctuations in the EuAl${}_4$ and EuGa${}_4$ topological antiferromagnets: A $\mu$SR study
• Doping control of magnetic anisotropy for stable antiskyrmion formation in schreibersite (Fe,Ni)${}_3$P with $S_4$ symmetry
• Realization of Ordered Magnetic Skyrmions in Thin Films at Ambient Conditions
• Creation of a Chiral Bobber Lattice in Helimagnet-Multilayer Heterostructures
• Increased lifetime of metastable skyrmions by doping
• Coupled quasimonopoles in chiral magnets
• Helicity locking of square skyrmion crystal in a centrosymmetric lattice system without vertical mirror symmetry
• Microwave spectroscopy of the low-temperature skyrmion state in Cu2OSeO3
• Skyrmion Topological Hall Effect near Room Temperature
• Skyrmions in thin films with easy-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy
• Reversible Vector Ratchets for Skyrmion Systems
• The Unusual Nature of Confined Modes in a Chiral System
• Element-specific soft X-ray spectroscopy, scattering and imaging studies of skyrmion-hosting compound Co${}_8$Zn${}_8$Mn${}_4$
• Rectangular and square skyrmion crystals on a centrosymmetric square lattice with easy-axis anisotropy
• Generation of single skyrmions by picosecond magnetic field pulses
• Hedgehog-lattice spin texture in classical Heisenberg antiferromagnets on the breathing pyrochlore lattice
• Microstructural-defect-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
• Colloquium: Quantum Properties and Functionalities of Magnetic Skyrmions
• Nonequilibrium Phases and Segregation for Skyrmions on Periodic Pinning Arrays
• Reorientations, relaxations, metastabilities and multidomains of skyrmion lattices
• Stabilization mechanisms of magnetic skyrmion crystal and multiple-$Q$ states based on momentum-resolved spin interactions
• Rhombic skyrmion lattice coupled with orthorhombic structural distortion in EuAl${}_4$
• Quantum oscillations in a centrosymmetric skyrmion-hosting magnet GdRu2Si2
• Complex magnetic phases enriched by charge density waves in topological semimetals GdSb_xTe_{2-x-δ}
• Mechanisms of skyrmion and skyrmion crystal formation from the conical phase
• Electric field-driven topological phase switching and skyrmion lattice metastability in magnetoelectric Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Magnus-Induced Dynamics of Driven Skyrmions on a Quasi-One-Dimensional Periodic Substrate
• Observation of Topological Hall Effect and Signature of Room Temperature Antiskyrmions in Mn-Ni-Ga D2d Heusler magnets
• Skyrmion Tubes as Magnonic Waveguides
• Nano-to-micro spatiotemporal imaging of magnetic skyrmion's life cycle
• Weak crystallization of fluctuating skyrmion textures in MnSi
• Positron spectroscopy of point defects in the skyrmion-lattice compound MnSi
• Field-tuned spin excitation spectrum of $k\pi$-skyrmion
• Tunable room temperature magnetic skyrmions in centrosymmetric kagome magnet Mn${}_4$Ga${}_2$Sn
• Skyrmions in antiferromagnets: thermal stability and the effect of external field and impurities
• Thermal stability and irreversibility of skyrmion-lattice phases in Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Optically Detected Ferromagnetic Resonance in Metallic Ferromagnets via Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Phase transitions between helices, vortices, and hedgehogs driven by spatial anisotropy in chiral magnets
• Avalanches and Criticality in Driven Magnetic Skyrmions
• Response of the skyrmion lattice in MnSi to cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropies
• Nonlinear Transport, Dynamic Ordering, and Clustering for Driven Skyrmions on Random Pinning
• Field-temperature phase diagram of magnetic bubbles spanning charge$/$orbital ordered and metallic phases in La${}_{1-x}$Sr${}_x$MnO${}_3$ ($x=0.125$)
• Giant magnetoresistance and topological Hall effect in the EuGa4 antiferromagnet
• Exploring the origins of the Dzyalloshinski-Moria interaction in MnSi
• Measuring the Formation Energy Barrier of Skyrmions in Zinc Substituted Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Rashba-Zener mechanism for nanoscale skyrmions and topological metals
• Topological phase transition driven by magnetic field and topological Hall effect in an antiferromagnetic skyrmion lattice
• Mapping Skyrmion Stability in Uniaxial Lacunar Spinel Magnets from First-Principles
• Triple-meron crystal in high-spin Kitaev magnets
• Origin of skyrmion lattice phase splitting in Zn-substituted Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Ferromagnetic resonance with magnetic phase selectivity by means of resonant elastic x-ray scattering on a chiral magnet
• Stability of Néel-type skyrmion lattice against oblique magnetic fields in GaV${}_4$S${}_8$ and GaV${}_4$Se${}_8$
• Orientation dependent current-induced motion of skyrmions with various topologies
• Imaging and manipulation of skyrmion lattice domains in Cu2OSeO3
• Disordered skyrmion phase stabilized by magnetic frustration in a chiral magnet
• Skyrmion-Bubble Bundles in an X-type Sr2Co2Fe28O46 Hexaferrite above Room Temperature
• Guided Skyrmion Motion Along Pinning Array Interfaces
• Field and anisotropy driven transformations of spin spirals in cubic skyrmion hosts
• A hierarchy of multi-moment skyrmion phases in twisted magnetic bilayers
• Spin Textures induced by Quenched Disorder in a Reentrant Spin Glass: Vortices versus "Frustrated" Skyrmions
• Controlling Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in the skyrmion host candidates FePd${}_{1-x}$Pt${}_x$Mo${}_3$N
• Megahertz dynamics in skyrmion systems probed with muon-spin relaxation
• Spin excitations in the skymion host Cu2OSeO3
• Square skyrmion crystal in centrosymmetric systems with locally inversion-asymmetric layers
• Anisotropic magneto-crystalline coupling of the skyrmion lattice in MnSi
• Skyrmion Alignment and Pinning Effects in a Disordered Multi-Phase Skyrmion Material Co8Zn8Mn4
• Fundamental Theory of Current-Induced Motion of Magnetic Skyrmions
• Frustration model and spin excitations in the helimagnet FeP
• Nonreciprocal Phonon Propagation in a Metallic Chiral Magnet
• Anisotropic fractal magnetic domain pattern in bulk Mn${}_{1.4}$PtSn
• Characterization of a Disordered Above Room Temperature Skyrmion Material Co8Zn8Mn4
• Pseudogap and Fermi arc induced by Fermi surface nesting in a centrosymmetric skyrmion magnet
• Multiple-$Q$ magnetic orders in Rashba-Dresselhaus metals
• Collinear Rashba-Edelstein effect in non-magnetic chiral materials
• Strong and tunable magnetoelectric coupling in 2D trilayer heterostructures
• Triple-$\mathcal{Q}$ partial magnetic orders induced by quadrupolar interactions: Triforce order scenario for UNi${}_4$B
• Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy characteristics of skyrmionic spin structures exhibiting various topologies
• Persistent exchange splitting in a chiral helimagnet Cr1/3NbS2
• Precipitating Ordered Skyrmion Lattices from Helical Spaghetti
• Stability and Metastability of Skyrmions in Thin Lamellae of Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Soft X-ray phase nano-microscopy of micrometre-thick magnets
• Potential Skyrmion Host Fe(IO3)3: Connecting Stereo-active Lone-Pair Electron Effects to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction
• Emergent skyrmion-based chiral order in zero-field Heisenberg antiferromagnets on the breathing kagome lattice
• Metamagnetic transitions and magnetoelectric responses in a chiral polar helimagnet Ni${}_2$InSbO${}_6$
• Helical magnetic order and Fermi surface nesting in non-centrosymmetric ScFeGe
• Giant enhancement of the skyrmion stability in a chemically strained helimagnet
• Enhancement of Zero-Field Skyrmion Density in [Pt/Co/Fe/Ir]2 Multilayers by FORC
• Anomalous electrical transport and magnetic skyrmions in Mn-tuned Co9Zn9Mn2 single crystals
• Spin wave stiffness and damping in a frustrated chiral helimagnet Co${}_8$Zn${}_8$Mn${}_4$ as measured by small-angle neutron scattering
• Skyrmion meets magnetic tunnel junction: an efficient way for electrical skyrmion detection investigated by ab initio theory
• Hedgehog lattice and field-induced chirality in breathing-pyrochlore Heisenberg antiferromagnets
• Pinning of Helimagnetic Phase Transitions in Zn-Substituted Skyrmion Host Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Critical Sample Aspect Ratio and Magnetic Field Dependence for Antiskyrmion Formation in Mn1.4PtSn Single-Crystals
• Magnetoentropic mapping and computational modeling of cycloids and skyrmions in the lacunar spinels GaV${}_4$S${}_8$ and GaV${}_4$Se${}_8$
• Magnetic properties and magnetic structure of the frustrated quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet SrCuTe${}_2$O${}_6$
• Unpinning the skyrmion lattice in MnSi:Effect of substitutional disorder
• Experimental Evidence of a change of Exchange Anisotropy Sign with Temperature in Zn-Substituted Cu2OSeO3
• Nonreciprocal transport in a room-temperature chiral magnet
• Controllable inter-skyrmion attractions and resulting skyrmion-lattice structures in two-dimensional chiral magnets with in-plane anisotropy
• Antichiral Ferromagnetism
• Magnetic properties of the noncentrosymmetric tetragonal antiferromagnet EuPtSi${}_3$
• Theoretical study on stabilization and destabilization of magnetic skyrmions by uniaxial-strain-induced anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii--Moriya interactions
• Skyrmions as quasiparticles: free energy and entropy
• Stabilization and helicity control of hybrid magnetic skyrmion
• Robust metastable skyrmions with tunable size in the chiral magnet FePtMo${}_3$N
• Chiral surface spin textures in Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$ unveiled by soft x-ray scattering in specular reflection geometry
• Skyrmion Sliding Switch in a 90-nm-Wide Nanostructured Chiral Magnet
• Does carrier localization affect the anomalous Hall effect?
• Structural Chirality of beta-Mn
• In-plane anisotropy of the single-$q$ and multiple-$q$ ordered phases in the antiferromagnetic metal CeRh${}_2$Si${}_2$ unveiled by the bulk measurements under uniaxial stress and neutron scattering
• Chiral Edge Currents for ac Driven Skyrmions in Confined Pinning Geometries
• Topological phase transitions and Berry-phase hysteresis in exchange-coupled nanomagnets
• Skyrmion crystal with integer and fractional skyrmion numbers in a nonsymmorphic lattice structure with the screw axis
• Topological melting of the metastable skyrmion lattice in the chiral magnet Co${}_9$Zn${}_9$Mn${}_2$
• Experimental progress in Eu(Al,Ga)${}_4$ topological antiferromagnets
• Surface pinning and triggered unwinding of skyrmions in a cubic chiral magnet
• Zero-field miniature skyrmion crystal and chiral domain state in breathing-kagome antiferromagnets
• Theory of magnon motive force in chiral ferromagnets
• Vital role of anisotropy in cubic chiral skyrmion hosts
• X-ray holographic imaging of magnetic surface spirals in FeGe lamellae
• Identifying magnetic antiskyrmions while they form with convolutional neural networks
• Short-wave magnons with multipole spin precession detected in the topological bands of a skyrmion lattice
• Anomalous magnetoentropic response of skrymion crystals
• Anisotropy-dependent decay of room temperature metastable skyrmions and a nascent double-$q$ spin texture in Co${}_8$Zn${}_9$Mn${}_3$
• Skyrmion Lattice Manipulation with Electric Currents and Thermal Gradients in MnSi
• Topological Hall effect in bulk ferromagnet Cr${}_2$Te${}_3$ embedded with black-phosphorus-like bismuth nanosheets
• Tunable surface configuration of skyrmion lattices in cubic helimagnets
• Spin-orbit coupled Hubbard skyrmions
• Effect of chemical substitution on the skyrmion phase in Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Electrical Detection of Individual Skyrmions in Graphene Devices
• Structure analysis of high-pressure phase for skyrmion-hosting multiferroic Cu2OSeO3
• Spontaneous chirality selection and nonreciprocal spin wave in breathing-kagome antiferromagnets at zero field
• Theory of high-resolution tunneling spin transport on a magnetic skyrmion
• Higher-order modulations in the skyrmion-lattice phase of Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Deterministic strain-control of stability and current-induced motion of skyrmions in chiral magnets
• Fixing Left and Right: Assignment of Chiral Elemental Crystal Structures using Kikuchi Diffraction
• Enhanced Curie temperature and room-temperature 50-nm skyrmions achieved in hexagonal ferromagnet Mn5Ge3+x synthesized via a high-pressure method
• Ferrimagnetic Skyrmions in a Tetragonal Mn1.9Co0.1Sb Single Crystal at Room Temperature
• Helical spin dynamics in Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$ as measured with small-angle neutron scattering
• Effective spin model with anisotropic exchange interactions for the spin-orbit coupled Hubbard model at half-filling
• Incommensurate Magnetic Structure in the Cubic Noncentrosymmetric Ternary Compound Pr5Ru3Al2
• Strong Coupling between Propagating Magnons and High-order Gyrotropic Skyrmion Modes
• Simulating magnetic antiskyrmions on the lattice
• Giant and robust topological Hall effect in Chiral Magnet Co7Zn8Mn5
• Inducing Skyrmion Flop Transitions in Co${}_8$Zn${}_8$Mn${}_4$ at Room Temperature
• MnSnTeO6: a Chiral Antiferromagnet Prepared by a Two-Step Topotactic Transformation
• Manipulating the Topology of Nanoscale Skyrmion Bubbles by Spatially Geometric Confinement
• Investigations of the size distribution and magnetic properties of nanoparticles of Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Generation of chiral spin state by quantum simulation
• Noncentrosymmetric Nowotny Chimney Ladder Ferromagnet Cr4Ge7 with a High Curie Temperature of ~ 207 K