Magnonic Charge Pumping via Spin-Orbit Coupling

Abstract

The interplay between spin, charge, and orbital degrees of freedom has led to the development of spintronic devices like spin-torque oscillators, spin-logic devices, and spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memories. In this development spin pumping, the process where pure spin-currents are generated from magnetisation precession, has proved to be a powerful method for probing spin physics and magnetisation dynamics. The effect originates from direct conversion of low energy quantised spin-waves in the magnet, known as magnons, into a flow of spins from the precessing magnet to adjacent normal metal leads. The spin-pumping phenomenon represents a convenient way to electrically detect magnetisation dynamics, however, precessing magnets have been limited so far to pump pure spin currents, which require a secondary spin-charge conversion element such as heavy metals with large spin Hall angle or multi-layer layouts to be detectable. Here, we report the experimental observation of charge pumping in which a precessing ferromagnet pumps a charge current, demonstrating direct conversion of magnons into high-frequency currents via the relativistic spin-orbit interaction. The generated electric current, differently from spin currents generated by spin-pumping, can be directly detected without the need of any additional spin to charge conversion mechanism and amplitude and phase information about the relativistic current-driven magnetisation dynamics. The charge-pumping phenomenon is generic and gives a deeper understanding of the recently observed spin-orbit torques, of which it is the reciprocal effect and which currently attract interest for their potential in manipulating magnetic information. Furthermore, charge pumping provides a novel link between magnetism and electricity and may find application in sourcing alternating electric currents.

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Cited by in corpus (35)

• Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
• Femtosecond control of electric currents at the interfaces of metallic ferromagnetic heterostructures
• Electrical Detection of Magnetization Dynamics via Spin Rectification Effects
• Theory of the spin-galvanic effect and the anomalous phase-shift ${\phi }_0$ in superconductors and Josephson junctions with intrinsic spin-orbit coupling
• Giant anisotropy of Gilbert damping in epitaxial CoFe films
• Direct and inverse spin-orbit torques
• Measurement of spin pumping voltage separated from extrinsic microwave effects
• Spin-Orbit Torques in Two-Dimensional Rashba Ferromagnets
• A fully relativistic description of spin-orbit torques by means of linear response theory
• Spin-Motive Forces and Current-Induced Torques in Ferromagnets
• Boundary-Driven Twist States in Systems with Broken Spatial Inversion Symmetry
• Detection of spin waves in permalloy using planar Hall effect
• Nonlinear analysis of magnetization dynamics excited by spin Hall effect
• Magnon-driven chiral charge and spin pumping and electron-magnon scattering from time-dependent quantum transport combined with atomistic spin dynamics theory
• Dynamical amplification of magnetoresistances and Hall currents up to the THz regime
• Self-induced inverse spin Hall effect in ferromagnets: demonstration through non-monotonous temperature-dependence in permalloy
• The inverse thermal spin-orbit torque and the relation of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction to ground-state energy currents
• Origins of electromagnetic radiation from spintronic terahertz emitters: A time-dependent density functional theory plus Jefimenko equations approach
• Vector spectroscopy for spin pumping
• Orbital mapping of energy bands and the truncated spin polarization in three-dimensional Rashba semiconductors
• Charge and spin current pumping by ultrafast demagnetization dynamics
• Resonant Precession of Magnetization and Precession -- Induced DC voltages in FeGaB Thin Films
• Conversion of electronic to magnonic spin current at heavy-metal magnetic-insulator interface
• Supercurrent-Induced Spin-Orbit Torques
• Quantum-classical approach to spin and charge pumping and the ensuing radiation in THz spintronics: Example of ultrafast-light-driven Weyl antiferromagnet Mn${}_3$Sn
• Charge pumping driven by the laser-induced dynamics of the exchange splitting
• High-harmonic generation in spin and charge current pumping at ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic resonance in the presence of spin-orbit coupling
• Chirality and intrinsic dissipation of spin modes in two-dimensional electron liquids
• All-electrical detection of spin dynamics in magnetic antidot lattices by the inverse spin Hall effect
• Dynamical and current-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction: Role for damping, gyromagnetism, and current-induced torques in noncollinear magnets
• Non-reciprocity in magnon mediated charge-spin-orbital current interconversion
• Large Surface Magnetization in Noncentrosymmetric Antiferromagnets
• Kinetic theory of spin-polarized systems in electric and magnetic fields with spin-orbit coupling: II. RPA response functions and collective modes
• Equilibrium current vortices in rare-earth-doped simple metals
• Unidirectional magnetoresistance and spin-orbit torque in NiMnSb