A quantum phase transition from triangular to stripe charge order in NbSe${}_2$

Abstract

The competition between proximate electronic phases produces a complex phenomenology in strongly correlated systems. In particular, fluctuations associated with periodic charge or spin modulations, known as density waves, may lead to exotic superconductivity in several correlated materials. However, density waves have been difficult to isolate in the presence of chemical disorder, and the suspected causal link between competing density wave orders and high temperature superconductivity is not understood. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy to image a previously unknown unidirectional (stripe) charge density wave (CDW) smoothly interfacing with the familiar tri-directional (triangular) CDW on the surface of the stoichiometric superconductor NbSe${}_2$. Our low temperature measurements rule out thermal fluctuations, and point to local strain as the tuning parameter for this quantum phase transition. We use this discovery to resolve two longstanding debates about the anomalous spectroscopic gap and the role of Fermi surface nesting in the CDW phase of NbSe${}_2$. Our results highlight the importance of local strain in governing phase transitions and competing phenomena, and suggest a new direction of inquiry for resolving similarly longstanding debates in cuprate superconductors and other strongly correlated materials.

PNAS in press

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Cited by in corpus (96)

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• Crystalline and electronic structure of single-layer TaS${}_2$
• Atomic-Scale Strain Manipulation of a Charge Density Wave
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• Phonon dispersion and the competition between pairing and charge order
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• Stripe and short range order in the charge density wave of 1T-Cu${}_x$TiSe${}_2$
• CDW slips and giant frictional dissipation peaks at the NbSe${}_2$ surface
• Impact of Electron-Hole Correlations on the 1T-TiSe2 Electronic Structure
• Optic phonons and the soft mode in 2H-NbSe2
• Hysteretic melting transition of a soliton lattice in a commensurate charge modulation
• Strain Engineering a $4a\times \sqrt{3}a$ Charge Density Wave Phase in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide 1T-VSe${}_2$
• Topological Landscape of Competing Charge Density Waves in 2H-NbSe2
• Checkerboard stripe electronic state on cleaved surface of NdO${}_{0.7}$F${}_{0.3}$BiS${}_2$ probed by scanning tunneling microscope
• Charge Order in NbSe${}_2$
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• Correlating Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Epitaxial VSe2 Thin Films
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• Orbital selectivity causing anisotropy and particle-hole asymmetry in the charge density wave gap of $2H$-TaS${}_2$
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• Quasiparticle energy bands and Fermi surfaces of monolayer NbSe${}_2$
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• Millikelvin scanning tunneling microscope at 20/22 T with a graphite enabled stick-slip approach and an energy resolution below 8$\mu$eV: Application to conductance quantization at 20 T in single atom point contacts of Al and Au
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• Nanoscale Superconducting Honeycomb Charge Order in IrTe2
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• Evidence of Ferroelectricity in an Antiferromagnetic Vanadium Trichloride Monolayer
• Impurity-pinned incommensurate charge density wave and local phonon excitations in 2H-NbS2
• Orbital-collaborative Charge Density Wave in Monolayer VTe2
• Anisotropic gapping of topological Weyl rings in the charge-density-wave superconductor InxTaSe2
• Multiple Charge Density Wave States at the Surface of TbTe${}_3$
• Interface size dependence of the Josephson critical behaviour in pyrolytic graphite
• Quantum phase transition in few-layer NbSe${}_2$ probed through quantized conductance fluctuations
• Unveiling hidden charge density waves in single-layer NbSe${}_2$ by impurities
• Granular superconductivity below 5~K in SPI-II pyrolytic graphite
• Charge density wave modulation and gap measurements in CeTe${}_3$
• Atomic-Scale Visualization of a Cascade of Magnetic Orders in the Layered Antiferromagnet $GdT{e}_3$
• Directly visualizing nematic superconductivity driven by the pair density wave in NbSe${}_2$
• Controllable phase transitions between multiple charge density waves in monolayer 1T-VSe${}_2$ via doping and strain engineering
• Charge Ordering Geometries in Uniaxially-Strained NbSe${}_2$
• Charge density waves and Fermi level pinning in monolayer and bilayer SnSe${}_2$
• Charge order with unusual star-of-David lattice in monolayer NbTe2
• Uniaxial strain tuning of charge modulation and singularity in a kagome superconductor
• Interference Evidence for Rashba-Type Spin-Split on Semimetallic WTe2 Surface
• Superconducting energy gap of $2H$-NbSe${}_2$ in phonon spectroscopy
• Charge-Order on the Triangular Lattice: A Mean-Field Study for the Lattice $S=1/2$ Fermionic Gas
• Synthetic Semimetals with van der Waals Interfaces
• Interplay of Charge Density Wave States and Strain at the Surface of CeTe${}_2$
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• Moiré Modulation of Charge Density Waves
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• Lattice-decoupled rotatable stripe-like charge order within the strange metal phase of 2M-WS2
• Role of interface hybridization on induced superconductivity in 1T${}^{\prime }$-WTe${}_2$ and 2H-NbSe${}_2$ heterostructures
• Doping Tunable CDW Phase Transition in Bulk 1T-ZrSe${}_2$
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• Multimorphism and gap opening of charge-density-wave phases in monolayer VTe2
• Charge-density-wave control by adatom manipulation and its effect on magnetic nanostructures
• Influence of surface relaxations on scanning probe microscopy images of the charge density wave material 2H-NbSe${}_2$
• Nanoscale strain manipulation of smectic susceptibility in kagome superconductors
• Observation of momentum dependent charge density wave gap in EuTe4
• Versatile multi-q antiferromagnetic charge order in correlated vdW metals
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• Coexistence of stripe order and superconductivity in NaAlSi
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• Non-Topological Edge-Localized Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States in CrBr${}_3$/NbSe${}_2$ Heterostructures
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