Fundamental Parameters of the Milky Way Galaxy Based on VLBI astrometry

Abstract

We present analyses to determine the fundamental parameters of the Galaxy based on VLBI astrometry of 52 Galactic maser sources obtained with VERA, VLBA and EVN. We model the Galaxy's structure with a set of parameters including the Galaxy center distance R_0, the angular rotation velocity at the LSR Omega_0, mean peculiar motion of the sources with respect to Galactic rotation (U_src, V_src, W_src), rotation-curve shape index, and the V component of the Solar peculiar motions V_sun. Based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we find that the Galaxy center distance is constrained at a 5% level to be R_0 = 8.05 +/- 0.45 kpc, where the error bar includes both statistical and systematic errors. We also find that the two components of the source peculiar motion U_src and W_src are fairly small compared to the Galactic rotation velocity, being U_src = 1.0 +/- 1.5 km/s and W_src = -1.4 +/- 1.2 km/s. Also, the rotation curve shape is found to be basically flat between Galacto-centric radii of 4 and 13 kpc. On the other hand, we find a linear relation between V_src and V_sun as V_src = V_sun -19 (+/- 2) km/s, suggesting that the value of V_src is fully dependent on the adopted value of V_sun. Regarding the rotation speed in the vicinity of the Sun, we also find a strong correlation between Omega_0 and V_sun. We find that the angular velocity of the Sun, Omega_sun, which is defined as Omega_sun = Omega_0 + V_sun/R_0, can be well constrained with the best estimate of Omega_sun = 31.09 +/- 0.78 km/s/kpc. This corresponds to Theta_0 = 238 +/- 14 km/s if one adopts the above value of R_0 and recent determination of V_sun ~ 12 km/s.

14 pages, 6 figures, PASJ in press

References in corpus (50)

• The Milky Way in Molecular Clouds: A New Complete CO Survey
• Local Kinematics and the Local Standard of Rest
• Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
• Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits
• Local stellar kinematics from Hipparcos data
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: VI. Galactic Structure, Fundamental Parameters and Non-Circular Motions
• Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies
• The Proper Motion of Sgr A*: II. The Mass of Sgr A*
• The Distance to the Perseus Spiral Arm in the Milky Way
• Parallaxes and proper motions of interstellar masers toward the Cygnus X star-forming complex. I. Membership of the Cygnus X region
• Kinematics and history of the solar neighbourhood revisited
• Astrometry of Water Maser Sources in Nearby Molecular Clouds with VERA - II. SVS 13 in NGC 1333
• A Trigonometric Parallax of Sgr B2
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: II. Cep A & NGC 7538
• The uncertainty in Galactic parameters
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions I. The distance to T Tauri with 0.4% accuracy
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: I. S 252 & G232.6+1.0
• Trigonometric Parallax of W51 Main/South
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions IV. A preliminary distance to the proto-Herbig AeBe star EC95 in the Serpens Core
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions II. Hubble 4 and HDE 283572 in Taurus
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: VIII. G12.89+0.49, G15.03-0.68 (M17) and G27.36-0.16
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions III. HP Tau/G2 and the three-dimensional structure of Taurus
• Astrometry of Galactic Star Forming Region Sharpless 269 with VERA : Parallax Measurements and Constraint on Outer Rotation Curve
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: III. G59.7+0.1 and W 51 IRS2
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: V. G23.01-0.41 and G23.44-0.18
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: IV. G35.20-0.74 and G35.20-1.74
• A near-infrared survey of Miras and the distance to the Galactic Centre
• Methanol and water masers in IRAS 20126+4104: The distance, the disk, and the jet
• Distance to VY Canis Majoris with VERA
• Astrometry of H${}_2$O Masers in Nearby Star-Forming Regions with VERA --- IV. L1448C
• Astrometry of H${}_2$O Masers in Nearby Star-Forming Regions with VERA. III. IRAS 22198+6336 in L1204G
• Annual Parallax Measurements of an Infrared Dark Cloud MSXDC G034.43+00.24 with VERA
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star-Forming Regions: VII. G9.62+0.20 and the Expanding 3 KPC-ARM
• Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, S Persei, with VLBI H2O Maser Astrometry
• Galactic Parameters from Masers with Trigonometric Parallaxes
• Distance to NGC 281 in a Galactic Fragmenting Superbubble: Parallax Measurements with VERA
• The distance to a star forming region in the Outer arm of the Galaxy
• Astrometry of Galactic Star-Forming Region ON2N with VERA: Estimation of the Galactic Constants
• Distance to G14.33-0.64 in the Sagittarius Spiral Arm: H2O Maser Trigonometric Parallax with VERA
• The nature of the methanol maser ring G23.657-00.127
• Outer Rotation Curve of the Galaxy with VERA I: Trigonometric parallax of IRAS 05168+3634
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star-Forming Regions. IX. The Outer Arm in the First Quadrant
• Astrometry of H${}_2$O masers in the massive star--forming region IRAS 06061+2151 with VERA
• A Precise Distance to IRAS 00420+5530 via H2O Maser Parallax with the VLBA
• New Distance and Revised Natures of High Mass Star Formation in G5.89-0.39
• Astrometry of Galactic Star-Forming Region Onsala 1 with VERA: Estimation of Angular Velocity of Galactic Rotation at Sun
• Astrometry of Galactic Star-Forming Region G48.61+0.02 with VERA
• Astrometry of Star Forming Region IRAS 05137+3919 in the far outer Galaxy
• H2O maser motions and the distance of the star forming region G192.16-3.84

Cited by in corpus (113)

• The Galaxy in Context: Structural, Kinematic and Integrated Properties
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
• Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way
• Gaia-2MASS 3D maps of Galactic interstellar dust within 3 kpc
• The Dark Matter Halo of the Milky Way, AD 2013
• The distribution of dark matter in galaxies
• The third realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame by very long baseline interferometry
• A Parallax-based Distance Estimator for Spiral Arm Sources
• The observed spiral structure of the Milky Way
• Low-Mass Dark Matter Search with CDMSlite
• FOREST Unbiased Galactic plane Imaging survey with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope (FUGIN) I: Project Overview and Initial Results
• ON the Nature of the Local Spiral Arm of the Milky Way
• Evidence for dark matter in the inner Milky Way
• Rotation Curve and Mass Distribution in the Galactic Center --- From Black Hole to Entire Galaxy ---
• Micro-Arcsecond Radio Astrometry
• Dynamical constraints on the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way
• Parallaxes for W49N and G048.60+0.02: Distant Star Forming Regions in the Perseus Spiral Arm
• Rotation curve of the Milky Way from Classical Cepheids
• Trigonometric parallaxes of star forming regions in the Sagittarius spiral arm
• Interstellar Hydrides
• Constraints on the Galactic Bar from the Hercules stream as traced with RAVE across the Galaxy
• The mass of our Milky Way
• PSR J1756$-$2251: a pulsar with a low-mass neutron star companion
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Perseus Spiral Arm
• Trigonometric parallaxes to star-forming regions within 4 kpc of the galactic center
• The First VERA Astrometry Catalog
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Scutum Spiral Arm
• X-ray Binaries
• The Circular Velocity Curve of the Milky Way from 5 to 25 kpc using luminous red giant branch star
• Rotation and Mass in the Milky Way and Spiral Galaxies
• The Milky Way Spiral Structure Parameters from Data on Masers and Selected Open Clusters
• Predicted Extension of the Sagittarius Stream to the Milky Way Virial Radius
• Study of open clusters within 1.8 kpc and understanding the Galactic structure
• The SEDIGISM survey: Molecular clouds in the inner Galaxy
• Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Outer Spiral Arm of the Milky Way
• The incorrect rotation curve of the Milky Way
• The spiral structure of the Milky Way
• Galactic masers: kinematics, spiral structure and the disk dynamic state
• The First Neptune Analog or Super-Earth with Neptune-like Orbit: MOA-2013-BLG-605Lb
• Recent advances in the determination of some Galactic constants in the Milky Way
• Clustering of Local Group distances: publication bias or correlated measurements? IV. The Galactic Center
• Bayesian reconstruction of the Milky Way dark matter distribution
• The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. XII. Distance Catalog Expansion Using Kinematic Isolation of Dense Molecular Cloud Structures With 13CO(1-0)
• A self-consistent phase-space distribution function for the anisotropic Dark Matter halo of the Milky Way
• Median Statistics Estimate of the Distance to the Galactic Center
• Galactic Rotation from Cepheids with Gaia DR2 and Effects of Non-Axisymmetry
• Preliminary bounds of the gravitational Local Position Invariance from Solar System planetary precessions
• First Parallax Measurements Towards a 6.7 GHz Methanol Maser with the Australian Long Baseline Array - Distance to G339.884-1.259
• The Stellar Distribution Function and Local Vertical Potential from Gaia DR2
• Anomalous peculiar motions of high-mass young stars in the Scutum spiral arm
• Models for the 3-D axisymmetric gravitational potential of the Milky Way Galaxy - A detailed modelling of the Galactic disk
• Capabilities and prospects of the East Asia Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network
• The spiral structure in the Solar neighborhood
• Galactic Rotation Curve and Spiral Density Wave Parameters from 73 Masers
• Constraining the pitch angle of the Galactic spiral arms in the Milky Way
• Photometric, kinematic and variability study in the young open cluster NGC 1960
• $\text{galkin}$: a new compilation of the Milky Way rotation curve data
• Astrometric observations of X-ray binaries using very long baseline interferometry
• SNR G349.7+0.2: A gamma-ray source in the far 3 kpc arm of the Galactic center
• FOREST Unbiased Galactic plane Imaging survey with the Nobeyama 45 m telescope (FUGIN). VI. Dense gas and mini-starbursts in the W43 giant molecular cloud complex
• On the Rotation Speed of the Milky Way Determined from HI Emission
• Stochastic Noncircular Motion and Outflows Driven by Magnetic Activity in the Galactic Bulge Region
• Gaia-DR2 extended kinematical maps. Part III: Rotation curves analysis, dark matter, and Modified Newtonian dynamics tests
• Distances to molecular clouds in the second Galactic quadrant
• Impact of distance determinations on Galactic structure. I. Young and intermediate-age tracers
• Systematic uncertainties from halo asphericity in dark matter searches
• Stellar Overdensity in the Local Arm in Gaia DR2
• Kinematic Analysis of Solar-Neighborhood Stars Based on RAVE4 Data
• Optical Multi-Channel Intensity Interferometry - or: How To Resolve O-Stars in the Magellanic Clouds
• Non-circular Motions in the Outer Perseus Spiral Arm
• Streaming Motions and Kinematic Distances to Molecular Clouds
• Determination of the Galactic Rotation Curve from OB Stars
• A Galactic Ring of Minimum Stellar Density Near the Solar Orbit Radius
• Annual Parallax Distance and Secular Motion of the Water Fountain Source IRAS 18286-0959
• A Black Hole Kicked At Birth: MAXI J1305-704
• Detection of periodic variations in vertical velocities of Galactic masers
• The spatiokinematical structure of H_2O and OH masers in the "water fountain" source IRAS 18460-0151
• Large-scale molecular gas distribution in the M17 cloud complex: dense gas conditions of massive star formation?
• Outer Rotation Curve of the Galaxy with VERA II: Annual Parallax and Proper Motion of the Star-Forming Region IRAS21379+5106
• ATCA survey of water masers in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• An International Survey of Front-End Receivers and Observing Performance of Telescopes for Radio Astronomy
• Trigonometric Distance and Proper Motion of IRAS 20056+3350: Massive Star Forming Region on the Solar Circle
• Kinetic tomography of the Galactic plane within 1.25 kiloparsecs from the Sun. The interstellar flows revealed by HI and CO line emission and 3D dust
• Vertical Structure and Kinematics of the Galactic Outer Disk
• VLBI Observations of H2O Maser Annual Parallax and Proper Motion in IRAS 20143+3634: Reflection on the Galactic Constants
• Dark-matter-like solutions to Einstein's unified field equations
• Open clusters in AurOB2
• White Paper on East Asian Vision for mm/submm VLBI: Toward Black Hole Astrophysics down to Angular Resolution of 1~R${}_S$
• Discovery of four water masers in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Trigonometric Parallax of IRAS 22555+6213 with VERA: 3-Dimensional View of Sources Along the Same Line of Sight
• Parallax-based Distances to Galactic Hii Regions: Nearby Spiral Structure
• The intricate Galaxy disk: velocity asymmetries in Gaia-TGAS
• Galactic Kinematics Derived from Data in the RAVE5, UCAC4, PPMXL, and Gaia TGAS Catalogs
• The dynamics of Galactic centre pulsars: constraining pulsar distances and intrinsic spin-down
• Parameters of the Galactic Spiral Density Wave from Masers with Parallax Errors Less Than 10%
• Galactic Kinematics from Data on Open Star Clusters from the MWSC Catalogue
• Analysis of Galactic Rotation from Masers based on a Nonlinear Oort Model
• Magnetic Activity in the Galactic Centre Region -- Fast Downflows along Rising Magnetic Loops
• Vertical Distribution and Kinematics of Planetary Nebulae in the Milky Way
• Spin Temperature and Density of Cold and Warm HI in the Galactic Disk - Hidden HI -
• Long-term monitoring of Sgr A* at 7 mm with VERA and KaVA
• Modelling the Track of the GD-1 Stellar Stream Inside a Host with a Fermionic Dark Matter Core-Halo Distribution
• Highest-Resolution Rotation Curve of the Inner Milky Way proving the Galactic Shock Wave
• A Multi-Line Ammonia Survey of the Galactic Center Region with the Tsukuba 32-m Telescope - I. Observations and Data
• A and F stars as probes of outer Galactic disc kinematics
• The System of Molecular Clouds in the Gould Belt
• Outer rotation curve of the Galaxy with VERA IV: Astrometry of IRAS 01123+6430 and the possibility of cloud-cloud collision
• Galaxy rotation curve from classical Cepheids
• A study of full space motions of outer Galactic disk A and F stars in two deep pencil-beams
• Rotation Curve of the Milky Way and the Dark Matter Density
• Water Maser Survey towards off-plane O-rich AGBs around the orbital plane of the Sagittarius Stellar Stream
• Mapping dark matter in the Milky Way, a synopsis
• The role of magnetic fields in shaping $\gamma$-ray emission from the Fermi bubbles