Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: II. Cep A & NGC 7538

Abstract

We report trigonometric parallaxes for the sources NGC 7538 and Cep A, corresponding to distances of 2.65 [+0.12/-0.11] kpc and 0.70 [+0.04/-0.04] kpc, respectively. The distance to NGC 7538 is considerably smaller than its kinematic distance and places it in the Perseus spiral arm. The distance to Cep A is also smaller than its kinematic distance and places it in the Local arm or spur. Combining the distance and proper motions with observed radial velocities gives the location and full space motion of the star forming regions. We find significant deviations from circular Galactic orbits for these sources: both sources show large peculiar motions (> 10 km/s) counter to Galactic rotation and NGC 7538 has a comparable peculiar motion toward the Galactic center.

21 pages, 8 figures; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (2)

• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: I. S 252 & G232.6+1.0
• High-resolution study of a star-forming cluster in the Cep-A HW2 region

Cited by in corpus (132)

• Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: VI. Galactic Structure, Fundamental Parameters and Non-Circular Motions
• Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way
• The WISE Catalog of Galactic HII Regions
• Parallaxes and proper motions of interstellar masers toward the Cygnus X star-forming complex. I. Membership of the Cygnus X region
• The observed spiral structure of the Milky Way
• Herschel Survey of Galactic OH+, H2O+, and H3O+: Probing the Molecular Hydrogen Fraction and Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate
• TADPOL: A 1.3 mm Survey of Dust Polarization in Star-forming Cores and Regions
• A Correlation Between Surface Densities of Young Stellar Objects and Gas in Eight Nearby Molecular Clouds
• Fermi observations of Cassiopeia and Cepheus: diffuse gamma-ray emission in the outer Galaxy
• The Hα surface brightness - radius relation: a robust statistical distance indicator for planetary nebulae
• ON the Nature of the Local Spiral Arm of the Milky Way
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: I. S 252 & G232.6+1.0
• Trigonometric Parallax of W51 Main/South
• Fundamental Parameters of the Milky Way Galaxy Based on VLBI astrometry
• The Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy (BeSSeL) Survey: Mapping the Milky Way with VLBI Astrometry
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers
• Circumstellar Disk Lifetimes In Numerous Galactic Young Stellar Clusters
• Kinematic Distances: A Monte Carlo Method
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Star Forming Regions in the Perseus Spiral Arm
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star Forming Regions: IV. G35.20-0.74 and G35.20-1.74
• Young Stellar Object Variability (YSOVAR): Long Timescale Variations in the Mid-Infrared
• The origin of large peculiar motions of star-forming regions and spiral structures of our Galaxy
• Spectrophotometric Distances to Galactic H\,{\sc{ii}} Regions
• Astrometry of H${}_2$O Masers in Nearby Star-Forming Regions with VERA --- IV. L1448C
• A Census of Large-Scale ($\ge$ 10 pc), Velocity-Coherent, Dense Filaments in the Northern Galactic Plane: Automated Identification Using Minimum Spanning Tree
• A wide-angle outflow with the simultaneous presence of a high-velocity jet in the high-mass Cepheus A HW2 system
• Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH). IV. A survey of low-J H2O line profiles toward high-mass protostars
• Metallicity Structure in the Milky Way Disk Revealed by Galactic HII Regions
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of Massive Star-Forming Regions: VII. G9.62+0.20 and the Expanding 3 KPC-ARM
• A Multiwavelength Look at Galactic Massive Star Forming Regions
• The spiral structure of the Milky Way
• Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, S Persei, with VLBI H2O Maser Astrometry
• FEEDBACK: a SOFIA Legacy Program to Study Stellar Feedback in Regions of Massive Star Formation
• Outflows, Accretion, and Clustered Protostellar Cores around a Forming O Star
• The SOFIA Massive (SOMA) Star Formation Survey. I. Overview and First Results
• Compatibility of DAMA/LIBRA dark matter detection with other searches in light of new Galactic rotation velocity measurements
• Rotation of the Warm Molecular Gas Surrounding Ultracompact HII Regions
• Star Formation In Nearby Clouds (SFiNCs): X-ray And Infrared Source Catalogs And Membership
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions VI. The distance to the young stellar object HW 9 in Cepheus A
• Fragmentation, infall, and outflow around the showcase massive protostar NGC7538 IRS1 at 500 AU resolution
• High Resolution Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of NGC 7538 IRS 1: Probing Chemistry in a Massive Young Stellar Object
• Distance to G14.33-0.64 in the Sagittarius Spiral Arm: H2O Maser Trigonometric Parallax with VERA
• The properties and polarization of the H2O and CH3OH maser environment of NGC7538-IRS1
• Outer Rotation Curve of the Galaxy with VERA I: Trigonometric parallax of IRAS 05168+3634
• Spitzer Imaging of the Nearby Rich Young Cluster, Cep OB3b
• A multiwavelength study of embedded clusters in W5-east, NGC7538, S235, S252 and S254-S258
• A multiple system of high-mass YSOs surrounded by disks in NGC7538 IRS1
• Protoplanetary Disk Evolution around the Triggered Star Forming Region Cepheus B
• Planar infall of CH3OH gas around Cepheus A HW2
• The Spatial Distribution of Organics toward the High-Mass YSO NGC 7538 IRS9
• NGC7538 IRS1 - an ionized jet powered by accretion
• The high-mass disk candidates NGC7538IRS1 and NGC7538S
• The stellar contents and star formation in the NGC 7538 region
• Collective outflow from a small multiple stellar system
• Redetermination of Galactic Spiral Density Wave Parameters Based on Spectral Analysis of Maser Radial Velocities
• First Parallax Measurements Towards a 6.7 GHz Methanol Maser with the Australian Long Baseline Array - Distance to G339.884-1.259
• Astrometry of H${}_2$O masers in the massive star--forming region IRAS 06061+2151 with VERA
• The Villafranca catalog of Galactic OB groups: I. Systems with O2-O3.5 stars
• Protostellar Outflows at the EarliesT Stages (POETS). I. Radio thermal jets at high resolution nearby H${}_2$O maser sources
• KFPA Examinations of Young STellar Object Natal Environments (KEYSTONE): Hierarchical Ammonia Structures in Galactic Giant Molecular Clouds
• Rotating and infalling motion around the high-mass young stellar object Cepheus A-HW2 observed with the methanol maser at 6.7 GHz
• A Galactic survey of radio jets from massive protostars
• The Massive Star-Forming Regions Omnibus X-Ray Catalog, Second Installment
• Herschel Reveals Massive Cold Clumps in NGC 7538
• Dynamics of the 6.7 and 12.2 GHz methanol masers around Cepheus A HW2
• Shaping a high-mass star-forming cluster through stellar feedback. The case of the NGC 7538 IRS 1-3 complex
• FEEDBACK from the NGC7538 HII region
• The EVN Galactic Plane Survey - EGaPS
• Near-infrared spectroscopy in NGC 7538
• HII Region Ionization of the Interstellar Medium: A Case Study of NGC 7538
• Kinematics and stability of high-mass protostellar disk candidates at sub-arcsecond resolution -- Insights from the IRAM NOEMA large program CORE
• A detailed study of the accretion disk surrounding the high-mass protostar NGC 7538S
• Multiplicity and disks within the high-mass core NGC7538IRS1: Resolving cm line and continuum emission at ~0.06"x0.05" resolution
• Hot Ammonia around O-type Young Stars. I. JVLA imaging of Ammonia (6,6) to (14,14) in NGC7538 IRS1
• Zooming into the Collimation Zone in a Massive Protostellar Jet
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions VII. Monoceros R2
• A Comparative Astrochemical Study Of The High-Mass Protostellar Objects NGC 7538 IRS 9 and IRS 1
• A Highly collimated Water Maser Bipolar Outflow in the Cepheus A HW3d Massive Young Stellar Object
• 6.7GHz methanol maser variability in Cepheus A
• Inferring the evolutionary stages of the internal structures of NGC 7538 S and IRS1 from chemistry
• NGC 7538 : Multiwavelength Study of Stellar Cluster Regions associated with IRS 1-3 and IRS 9 sources
• The Dynamics, Structure, and Fate of a Young Cluster During Gas Dispersal: Hectoschelle, Chandra, Spitzer, and Gaia Observations of CepOB3b
• HyGAL: Characterizing the Galactic ISM with observations of hydrides and other small molecules -- I. Survey description and a first look toward W3(OH), W3 IRS5 and NGC 7538 IRS1
• Magnetic field regulated infall on the disc around the massive protostar Cepheus A HW2
• High Resolution CO Observations of Massive Star Forming Regions
• Sun-Sized Water Vapor Masers in Cepheus A
• From dusty filaments to massive stars: The case of NGC 7538 S
• H2O maser motions and the distance of the star forming region G192.16-3.84
• 1.3mm polarized emission in the circumstellar disk of a massive protostar
• X-rays from the Power Sources of the Cepheus A Star-Forming Region
• Intensity-Corrected Herschel Observations of Nearby Isolated Low-Mass Clouds
• A Naive Bayes Classifier for identifying Class II YSOs
• New evidence for Dicke's superradiance in the 6.7 GHz methanol spectral line in the interstellar medium
• A differentially rotating disc in a high-mass protostellar system
• Spectral Energy Distributions of 6.7 GHz methanol masers
• NGC7538 IRS1 -- an O star driving an ionized jet and giant N-S outflow
• The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant HII Regions. VII. W3
• A Sino-German 6cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane IX. HII regions
• Sub-arcsec Observations of NGC 7538 IRS 1: Continuum Distribution and Dynamics of Molecular Gas
• Polarimetric and photometric investigation of a dark globule LDN 1225: distance, extinction law, and magnetic fields
• Dependence of Molecular Cloud Samples on Angular Resolution, Sensitivity, and Algorithms
• Kinetic tomography of the Galactic plane within 1.25 kiloparsecs from the Sun. The interstellar flows revealed by HI and CO line emission and 3D dust
• Variations of the HCO${}^{+}$, HCN, HNC, N${}_2$H${}^{+}$ and NH${}_3$ deuterium fractionation in high-mass star-forming regions
• The Rare 23.1-GHz Methanol Masers in NGC 7538 IRS 1
• Millimeter Spectral Line Mapping Observations Toward Four Massive Star Forming HII Regions
• New Maser Emission from Nonmetastable Ammonia in NGC 7538. IV. Coincident Masers in Adjacent States of Para-ammonia
• Observations of a high-mass protostar in NGC 7538S
• Trigonometric Parallax of IRAS 22555+6213 with VERA: 3-Dimensional View of Sources Along the Same Line of Sight
• High-sensitivity millimeter imaging of molecular outflows in nine nearby high-mass star-forming regions
• NGC 7538 IRS1: Interaction of a polarized dust spiral and a molecular outflow
• Long-term Variability of H${}_2$CO Masers in Star-forming Regions
• First detection of THz water maser in NGC7538-IRS1 with SOFIA and new 22 GHz e-MERLIN maps
• New Maser Emission from Nonmetastable Ammonia in NGC 7538. III. Detection of the (10,6) Transition and a Velocity Gradient
• An Anomalous Extinction Law in the Cep OB3b Young Cluster: Evidence for dust processing during gas dispersal
• Discovery of ammonia (9,6) masers in two high-mass star-forming regions
• Distribution and excitation of thermal methanol in 6.7 GHz maser bearing star-forming regions; I. The nearby source Cepheus A
• Statistical Analysis of Water Masers in Star-Forming Regions: Cepheus A and W75 N
• Gas infall via accretion disk feeding Cepheus A HW2
• Challenging shock models with SOFIA OH observations in the high-mass star-forming region Cepheus A
• Near infrared view on the photodissociation regions S255, S257, NGC7538 and S140
• New Maser Emission from Nonmetastable Ammonia in NGC 7538. II. Green Bank Telescope Observations Including Water Masers
• MIRIS Paα Galactic Plane Survey. I. Comparison with IPHAS Hα in l = 96°-116°
• Imaging Molecular Outflow in Massive Star-forming Regions with HNCO Lines
• Thermal Formaldehyde Emission in NGC7538 IRS1
• Masers in star forming regions
• VLBI multi-epoch water maser observations toward massive protostars
• Discovery of recurrent flares of 6.7 GHz methanol maser emission in Cepheus A HW2
• Far-infrared line emission from the outer Galaxy cluster Gy 3-7 with SOFIA/FIFI-LS: Physical conditions and UV fields
• Search for High-Mass Protostellar Objects in Cold IRAS Sources
• Structure and Dynamics of the Milky Way: an Astro2010 Science White Paper
• Magnetic field of a ring-like shape molecular cloud