From Disks to Planets
arXiv:1206.0738 · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5606-9_1
Abstract
This pedagogical chapter covers the theory of planet formation, with an emphasis on the physical processes relevant to current research. After summarizing empirical constraints from astronomical and geophysical data, we describe the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks. We consider the growth of planetesimals and of larger solid protoplanets, followed by the accretion of planetary atmospheres, including the core accretion instability. We also examine the possibility that gas disks fragment directly into giant planets and/or brown dwarfs. We defer a detailed description of planet migration and dynamical evolution to other work, such as the complementary chapter in this series by Morbidelli (available at arXiv:1106.4114).
50 pages text plus 11 figures and table of symbols. To be published in "Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems", P. Kalas and L. French (eds.). Comments and suggestions for future revisions welcome
References in corpus (23)
- Direct Imaging of Multiple Planets Orbiting the Star HR 8799
- Optical Images of an Exosolar Planet 25 Light Years from Earth
- Protoplanetary Disk Structures in Ophiuchus
- Gas- and dust evolution in protoplanetary disks
- Particle Stirring in Turbulent Gas Disks: Including Orbital Oscillations
- Spectroscopic parameters for 451 stars in the HARPS GTO planet search program. Stellar [Fe/H] and the frequency of exo-Neptunes
- Planet formation around stars of various masses: The snow line and the frequency of giant planets
- Towards planetesimals: dense chondrule clumps in the protoplanetary nebula
- The Compositional Structure of the Asteroid Belt
- Structure and evolution of pre-main sequence circumstellar disks
- Variations on Debris Disks: Icy Planet Formation at 30-150 AU for 1-3 Solar Mass Main Sequence Stars
- Evolved stars hint to an external origin of enhanced metallicity in planet-hosting stars
- Full Numerical Simulations of Catastrophic Small Body Collisions
- A perspective from extinct radionuclides on a Young Stellar Object: The Sun and its accretion disk
- Evolution of Migrating Planets Undergoing Gas Accretion
- Planetesimal formation via fragmentation in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs
- The Rise and Fall of Debris Disks: MIPS Observations of h and chi Persei and the Evolution of Mid-IR Emission from Planet Formation
- The Correlated Colors of Transneptunian Binaries
- A Hybrid N-body--Coagulation Code for Planet Formation
- Midplane sedimentation of large solid bodies in turbulent protoplanetary discs
- Rapid Formation of Icy Super-Earths and the Cores of Gas Giant Planets
- Coupling dynamical and collisional evolution of small bodies II : Forming the Kuiper Belt, the Scattered Disk and the Oort Cloud
- Formation, Survival, and Destruction of Vortices in Accretion Disks
Cited by in corpus (29)
- Dynamical Evolution of the Early Solar System
- Inside-Out Planet Formation
- On the Minimum Core Mass for Giant Planet Formation at Wide Separations
- Hydrocarbon emission rings in protoplanetary disks induced by dust evolution
- The Mass Budget of Planet Forming Discs: Isolating the Epoch of Planetesimal Formation
- Numerical Simulations of Collisional Cascades at the Roche Limits of White Dwarf Stars
- Slowly-growing gap-opening planets trigger weaker vortices
- The Fate of Scattered Planets
- From Pebbles and Planetesimals to Planets and Dust: the Protoplanetary Disk--Debris Disk Connection
- Variations on Debris Disks III. Collisional Cascades and Giant Impacts in the Terrestrial Zones of Solar-type Stars
- Terrestrial planet formation: Dynamical shake-up and the low mass of Mars
- Making Planet Nine: A Scattered Giant in the Outer Solar System
- Migration of small moons in Saturn's rings
- Circumbinary Planet Formation in the Kepler-16 System. II. A Toy Model for In-situ Planet Formation within a Debris Belt
- Transport of solids in protoplanetary disks: Comparing meteorites and astrophysical models
- Dust Accumulation near the Magnetospheric Truncation of Protoplanetary Discs around T Tauri Stars
- Coagulation Calculations of Icy Planet Formation Around 0.1--0.5~\msun\ Stars: Super-Earths From Large Planetestimals
- Transient dynamics of perturbations in astrophysical disks
- Multiverse Predictions for Habitability: Number of Potentially Habitable Planets
- Formation of trans-Neptunian satellite systems at the stage of condensations
- Formation of the Earth and Moon: Influence of Small Bodies
- Evolution of a ring around the Pluto-Charon binary
- Below One Earth Mass: The Detection, Formation, and Properties of Subterrestrial Worlds
- On the Estimation of Circumbinary Orbital Properties
- Constraints on planet formation via gravitational instability across cosmic time
- Formation of embryos of the Earth and the Moon from the common rarefied condensation and their subsequent growth
- Origin of orbits of secondaries in the discovered trans-Neptunian binaries
- Growth of the Moon due to bodies ejected from the Earth
- Dynamical stability of giant planets: the critical adiabatic index in the presence of a solid core