QCD matter in extreme environments

Abstract

We review various theoretical approaches to the states of QCD matter out of quarks and gluons in extreme environments such as the high-temperature states at zero and finite baryon density and the dimensionally reduced state under an intense magnetic field. The topics at high temperature include the Polyakov loop and the 't Hooft loop in the perturbative regime, the Polyakov loop behaviour and the phase transition in some of non-perturbative methods; the strong-coupling expansion, the large-Nc limit and the holographic QCD models. These analyses are extended to hot and dense matter with a finite baryon chemical potential. We point out that the difficulty in the finite-density problem has similarity to that under a strong magnetic field. We make a brief summary of results related to the topological contents probed by the magnetic field and the Chiral Magnetic Effect. We also address the close connection to the (1+1) dimensional system.

43 pages, 11 figures, accepted as the topical review for Journal of Physics G; trivial typos in equations corrected, one reference added

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• Exact evolution equation for the effective potential
• The Chiral Magnetic Effect
• Color superconductivity in dense quark matter
• Linear Confinement and AdS/QCD
• The Phase Structure of the Polyakov--Quark-Meson Model
• Charge separation induced by P-odd bubbles in QCD matter
• Some Features of the Glasma
• Chiral Magnetic Wave
• Chiral Magnetic conductivity
• Mimicking the QCD equation of state with a dual black hole
• Probing freeze-out conditions in heavy ion collisions with moments of charge fluctuations
• QCD Phase Transition in a Strong Magnetic Background
• A Holographic Prediction of the Deconfinement Temperature
• A holographic model of deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration
• The phase structure of the Polyakov--quark-meson model beyond mean field
• Deconfinement and Gluon Plasma Dynamics in Improved Holographic QCD
• Spontaneous electromagnetic superconductivity of vacuum in strong magnetic field: evidence from the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
• Chiral transition in a strong magnetic background
• Deconfinement in dense 2-color QCD
• Renormalized Polyakov loops in many representations
• The Spatial String Tension, Thermal Phase Transition, and AdS/QCD
• Chiral magnetic effect in lattice QCD with a chiral chemical potential
• QCD Thermodynamics from the Lattice
• Chiral Magnetic Spiral
• Model study of the sign problem in the mean-field approximation
• Some Thermodynamic Aspects of Pure Glue, Fuzzy Bags and Gauge/String Duality
• Z(3)-symmetric effective theory for SU(3) Yang-Mills theory at high temperature
• Magnetic-field Induced Screening Effect and Collective Excitations
• Orbifold equivalence and the sign problem at finite baryon density
• Renormalized Polyakov Loop in the Deconfined Phase of SU(N) Gauge Theory and Gauge/String Duality
• Spontaneous CP-violation in the strong interaction at theta = pi
• Deconfinement phase transition in holographic QCD with matter
• Phase diagram evolution at finite coupling in strong coupling lattice QCD
• Phase diagram of hot and dense QCD constrained by the Statistical Model
• Chiral Symmetry and Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Open problems in hot QCD
• Symmetry energy of dense matter in holographic QCD
• Shear viscosity of pure Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling
• Large-Nc universality of phases in QCD and QCD-like theories

Cited by in corpus (56)

• QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential from Dyson-Schwinger equations
• Magnetic Catalysis vs Magnetic Inhibition
• Propagators and phase structure of Nf=2 and Nf=2+1 QCD
• QCD critical region and higher moments for three flavor models
• Heavy Quark Diffusion in Strong Magnetic Fields at Weak Coupling and Implications for Elliptic Flow
• The quark mass gap in a magnetic field
• Magnetic catalysis in hot and dense quark matter and quantum fluctuations
• Symmetric nuclear matter from the strong interaction
• Baryon effects on the location of QCD's critical end point
• Fierz-complete NJL model study III: Emergence from quark-gluon dynamics
• Properties of Mesons in a Strong Magnetic Field
• Views of the Chiral Magnetic Effect
• Fierz-complete NJL model study: fixed points and phase structure at finite temperature and density
• The Polyakov loop and the hadron resonance gas model
• Perturbative confinement in thermal Yang-Mills theories induced by imaginary angular velocity
• Polyakov loop and QCD thermodynamics from the gluon and ghost propagators
• Hadron resonance gas and mean-field nuclear matter for baryon number fluctuations
• Fierz-complete NJL model study II: towards the fixed-point and phase structure of hot and dense two-flavor QCD
• Hagedorn spectrum and thermodynamics of SU(2) and SU(3) Yang-Mills theories
• Magnetic shift of the chemical freezeout and electric charge fluctuations
• Chiral gap effect in curved space
• Thermodynamics of 2+1 Flavor Polyakov-Loop Quark-Meson Model under External Magnetic Field
• Renormalization Group Studies of Dense Relativistic Systems
• Emergent Hadrons and Diquarks
• Medium induced Lorentz symmetry breaking effects in nonlocal PNJL models
• Crystalline Ground States in Polyakov-loop extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Models
• Local P Violation Effects and Thermalization in QCD: Views from Quantum Field Theory and Holography
• Phase diagram of the magnetized planar Gross-Neveu model beyond the large-N approximation
• Lepton pair production from a hot and dense QCD medium in the presence of an arbitrary magnetic field
• QCD-inspired determination of NJL model parameters
• From quarks and gluons to color superconductivity at supranuclear densities
• The hadron resonance gas model: thermodynamics of QCD and Polyakov loop
• P odd fluctuations and Long Range Order in Heavy Ion Collisions. Deformed QCD as a Toy Model
• QCD phase diagram with 2-flavor lattice fermion formulations
• Geometrically induced magnetic catalysis and critical dimensions
• Speed of sound in dense strong-interaction matter
• The Polyakov loop in various representations in the confined phase of QCD
• Nature of Roberge-Weiss transition end points for heavy quarks in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD with Wilson fermions
• Competition between magnetic catalysis effect and chiral rotation effect
• Long range order in gauge theories. Deformed QCD as a toy model
• Hybrid stars with large quark cores within the parity doublet model and modified NJL model
• Generic features of the phase transition in cold and dense quark matter
• Functional renormalization group study of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature and density in an external magnetic field
• Anisotropy of magnetized quark matter
• Production rate and ellipticity of lepton pairs from a rotating hot and dense QCD medium
• Effect of inverse magnetic catalysis on conserved charge fluctuations in hadron resonance gas model
• Sign problem and the chiral spiral on the finite-density lattice
• Macroscopic transports in a rotational system with an electromagnetic field
• Nature of the chiral phase transition of two flavour QCD from imaginary chemical potential with HISQ fermions
• Constraining the Hadron-Quark Phase Transition Chemical Potential via Astronomical Observation
• Perspectives in Small Systems : Heavy Quarks and HBT Radii
• Silver Blaze Puzzle in 1/Nc Expansions of Cold and Dense QCD Matter
• Locations of Roberge-Weiss transition endpoints in lattice QCD with $N_f=2$ improved KS quarks
• Violation of NCQ scaling in hadron elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3.0-7.7GeV
• Exploring sQGP and Small Systems
• Implications of correlations and fluctuations in small systems