QCD phase diagram with 2-flavor lattice fermion formulations

Abstract

We propose a new framework for investigating two-flavor lattice QCD with finite temperature and density. We consider the Karsten-Wilczek fermion formulation, in which a species-dependent imaginary chemical potential term can reduce the number of species to two without losing chiral symmetry. This lattice discretization is useful for study on finite-($T$,$\mu$) QCD since its discrete symmetries are appropriate for the case. To show its applicability, we study strong-coupling lattice QCD with temperature and chemical potential. We derive the effective potential of the scalar meson field and obtain a critical line of the chiral phase transition, which is qualitatively consistent with the phenomenologically expected phase diagram. We also discuss that $O(1/a)$ renormalization of imaginary chemical potential can be controlled by adjusting a parameter of a dimension-3 counterterm.

21 pages, 11 figures

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• Varieties and properties of central-branch Wilson fermions
• Lattice fermions as spectral graphs
• New fermion discretizations and their applications
• Spin-taste representation of minimally doubled fermions from first principles: Karsten-Wilczek fermions
• Equivalence of lattice operators and graph matrices
• New conjecture on exact Dirac zero-modes of lattice fermions
• Minimal-doubling and single-Weyl Hamiltonians
• Topological properties of minimally doubled fermions in two space-time dimensions
• Lattice fermion formulation via Physics-Informed Neural Networks: Ginsparg-Wilson relation and Overlap fermions
• Twisted 3D $N=4$ Supersymmetric YM on deformed ${\mathbb{A}}_3^{\ast }$ Lattice
• Index theorem with Minimally Doubled Fermions in four space-time dimensions
• Code CFTs and Topological Matter