Microscopic Model and Phase Diagrams of the Multiferroic Perovskite Manganites

Abstract

Orthorhombically distorted perovskite manganites, RMnO3 with R being a trivalent rare-earth ion, exhibit a variety of magnetic and electric phases including multiferroic (i.e. concurrently magnetic and ferroelectric) phases and fascinating magnetoelectric phenomena. We theoretically study the phase diagram of RMnO3 by constructing a microscopic spin model, which includes not only the superexchange interaction but also the single-ion anisotropy (SIA) and the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction (DMI). Analysis of this model using the Monte-Carlo method reproduces the experimental phase diagrams as functions of the R-ion radius, which contain two different multiferroic states, i.e. the ab-plane spin cycloid with ferroelectric polarization P//a and the bc-plane spin cycloid with P//c. The orthorhombic lattice distortion or the second-neighbor spin exchanges enhanced by this distortion exquisitely controls the keen competition between these two phases through tuning the SIA and DMI energies. This leads to a lattice-distortion-induced reorientation of P from a to c in agreement with the experiments. We also discuss spin structures in the A-type antiferromagnetic state, those in the cycloidal spin states, origin and nature of the sinusoidal collinear spin state, and many other issues.

23 pages, 19 figures. Recalculated results after correcting errors in the assignment of Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya vectors

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• Spin Quenching and Transport by Hidden Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interactions
• Numerical Simulation of Spin-Chirality Switching in Multiferroics via Intense Electromagnon Excitations
• Theory of Magnetic-Field-Induced Polarization Flop in Spin-Spiral Multiferroics
• Probing magnetic anisotropy and spin-reorientation transition in 3D antiferromagnet, Ho${}_{0.5}$Dy${}_{0.5}$FeO${}_3|$Pt using spin Hall magnetoresistance
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• Elastic and magnetoelastic properties of TbMnO3 single crystal by nanosecond time resolved acoustics and first-principles calculations