Topographic Mapping of the Quantum Hall Liquid using a Few-Electron Bubble

Abstract

A scanning probe technique was used to obtain a high-resolution map of the random electrostatic potential inside the quantum Hall liquid. A sharp metal tip, scanned above a semiconductor surface, sensed charges in an embedded two-dimensional electron gas. Under quantum Hall effect conditions, applying a positive voltage to the tip locally enhanced the 2D electron density and created a ``bubble'' of electrons in an otherwise unoccupied Landau level. As the tip scanned along the sample surface, the bubble followed underneath. The tip sensed the motions of single electrons entering or leaving the bubble in response to changes in the local 2D electrostatic potential.

4 pages, 3 JPG figures, Revtex. For additional info and AVI movies, visit http://electron.mit.edu/stm

References in corpus (5)

• Subsurface charge accumulation imaging of a quantum Hall liquid
• Scanned Potential Microscopy of Edge and Bulk Currents in the Quantum Hall Regime
• Detection of Coulomb Charging around an Antidot in the Quantum Hall Regime
• Energetics of Quantum Antidot States in Quantum Hall Regime
• Imaging of Low Compressibility Strips in the Quantum Hall Liquid

Cited by in corpus (48)

• Coherent Branched Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
• Spatially resolved manipulation of single electrons in quantum dots using a scanned probe
• Metal-insulator transitions and the effects of electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional electron systems
• Imaging of the Coulomb driven quantum Hall edge states
• On the imaging of electron transport in semiconductor quantum structures by scanning-gate microscopy: successes and limitations
• Imaging a Single-Electron Quantum Dot
• Direct comparison between potential landscape and local density of states in a disordered two-dimensional electron system
• Imaging and controlling electron transport inside a quantum ring
• Viscous fingering and a shape of an electronic droplet in the Quantum Hall regime
• Imaging Electron Wave Functions Inside Open Quantum Rings
• Artificial light and quantum order in systems of screened dipoles
• Local Density of States in Mesoscopic Samples from Scanning Gate Microscopy
• Imaging Electron Interferometer
• Nonlinear screening and percolative transition in a two-dimensional electron liquid
• Imaging Inter-Edge State Scattering Centers in the Quantum Hall Regime
• Measurement of the Tip-Induced Potential in Scanning Gate Experiments
• Imaging the Conductance of Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Edge States
• Observation of Interaction-Induced Modulations of a Quantum Hall Liquid's Area
• Imaging fractional incompressible stripes in integer quantum Hall systems
• Wave function mapping conditions in Open Quantum Dots structures
• Spin-droplets in confined quantum Hall systems
• Low-Temperature Collapse of Electron Localisation in Two Dimensions
• Topological invariants to characterize universality of boundary charge in one-dimensionalinsulators beyond symmetry constraints
• Scanning Gate Spectroscopy of transport across a Quantum Hall Nano-Island
• Correlated quantum percolation in the lowest Landau level
• Imaging backscattering through impurity-induced antidots in quantum Hall constrictions
• Unconventional Metallicity and Giant Thermopower in a Strongly Interacting Two Dimensional Electron System
• Direct observation of the charging of a 2D electron gas through an incompressible strip in the quantum Hall regime
• Rational boundary charge in one-dimensional systems with interaction and disorder
• Modeling Subsurface Charge Accumulation Images of a Quantum Hall Liquid
• Non-universal pairing symmetry and pseudogap phenomena in hole- and electron-doped cuprate superconductors
• Observation of finite excess noise in the voltage-biased quantum Hall regime as a precursor for breakdown
• Gate-Sensing Charge Pockets in the Semiconductor Qubit Environment
• Majorana bound states in topological insulators with hidden Dirac points
• Fractional boundary charges with quantized slopes in interacting one- and two-dimensional systems
• Formation of quantum dots in the potential fluctuations of InGaAs heterostructures probed by scanning gate microscopy
• Probing local electronic states in the quantum Hall regime with a side coupled quantum dot
• Local Current Distribution and "Hot Spots" in the Integer Quantum Hall Regime
• de Haas-van Alphen effect versus Integer Quantum Hall effect
• In Situ Treatment of a Scanning Gate Microscopy Tip
• Direct observation of micron-scale ordered structure in a two-dimensional electron system
• Modeling single- and multiple-electron resonances for electric-field-sensitive scanning probes
• Universality of Abelian and non-Abelian Wannier functions in one dimension
• Imaging coherent electron wave flow in a two-dimensional electron gas
• Tunneling images of a 2D electron system in a quantizing magnetic field
• Fingering of Electron Droplets in Nonuniform Magnetic Fields
• Local Interlayer Tunneling Between Two-Dimensional Electron Systems in the Ballistic Regime
• Anisotropic conductivity tensor on a half-filled high Landau level