Bipolar-Hyper-Shell Galactic Center Statrburst Model: Further Evidence from ROSAT Data and New Radio and X-ray Simulations

Abstract

Using the all-sky ROSAT soft X-ray and 408-MHz radio continuum data, we show that the North Polar Spur and its western and southern counter-spurs draw a giant dumbbell-shape necked at the galactic plane. We interpret these features as due to a shock front originating from a starburst 15 million years ago with a total energy of the order of $\sim 10^{56}$ ergs or $10^5$ type II supernovae. We simulate all-sky distributions of radio continuum and soft X-ray intensities based on the bipolar-hyper-shell galactic center starburst model. The simulations can well reproduce the radio NPS and related spurs, as well as radio spurs in the tangential directions of spiral arms. Simulated X-ray maps in 0.25, 0.75 and 1.5 keV bands reproduce the ROSAT X-ray NPS, its western and southern counter-spurs, and the absorption layer along the galactic plane. We propose to use the ROSAT all-sky maps to probe the physics of gas in the halo-intergalactic interface, and to directly date and measure the energy of a recent Galactic Center starburst.

To appear in ApJ, Latex MS in ApJ macro, 8 figures in jpg (original quality ps figs available on request)

Cited by in corpus (74)

• Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?
• Quasar feedback and the origin of radio emission in radio-quiet quasars
• The Large-scale Bipolar Wind in the Galactic Center
• Detection of large-scale X-ray bubbles in the Milky Way halo
• The Fermi Bubbles. I. Possible Evidence for Recent AGN Jet Activity in the Galaxy
• Wild at Heart:-The Particle Astrophysics of the Galactic Centre
• A Unified Model of the Fermi Bubbles, Microwave Haze, and Polarized Radio Lobes: Reverse Shocks in the Galactic Center's Giant Outflows
• Suzaku observations of the diffuse x-ray emission across the fermi bubbles' edges
• Fermi Bubbles Inflated by Winds Launched from the Hot Accretion Flow in Sgr A*
• A RIAF Interpretation for the Past Higher Activity of the Galactic Center Black Hole and the 511 keV Annihilation Emission
• Non-Thermal Insights on Mass and Energy Flows Through the Galactic Centre and into the Fermi Bubbles
• The Fermi Bubbles as Starburst Wind Termination Shocks
• The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo
• Fermi and eRosita bubbles as relics of the past activity of the Galactic black hole
• The High Velocity Gas toward Messier 5: Tracing Feedback Flows in the Inner Galaxy
• Abundance and temperature of the outer hot circum-Galactic medium: The SRG/eROSITA view of the soft X-ray background in the eFEDS field
• X-ray and Gamma-ray Observations of the Fermi Bubbles and NPS/Loop I Structures
• Faraday Tomography of the North Polar Spur: Constraints on the distance to the Spur and on the Magnetic Field of the Galaxy
• Local ISM 3D distribution and soft X-ray background: Inferences on nearby hot gas and the North Polar Spur
• Shock-multicloud interactions in galactic outflows -- II. Radiative fractal clouds and cold gas thermodynamics
• Suzaku Observations of the North Polar Spur: Evidence for Nitrogen Enhancement
• Improved Cosmic-Ray Injection Models and the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• The Fermi Bubbles as a Scaled-up Version of Supernova Remnants
• Diffuse X-Ray Sky in the Galactic Center
• The North Polar Spur and Aquila Rift
• Revisiting the distance to radio Loops I and IV using Gaia and radio/optical polarization data
• Constraints on hot metals in the Vicinity of the Galaxy
• Tracing the Milky Way Nuclear Wind with 21cm Atomic Hydrogen Emission
• Expected intermediate mass black holes in the Virgo cluster. II. Late-type galaxies
• Absolutely calibrated radio polarimetry of the inner Galaxy at 2.3 GHz and 4.8 GHz
• Clues to the origin of Fermi Bubbles from OVIII/OVII line ratio
• A Hadronic-Leptonic Model for the Fermi Bubbles: Cosmic-Rays in the Galactic Halo and Radio Emission
• Thermal and chemical properties of the eROSITA bubbles from Suzaku observations
• On the distance to the North Polar Spur and the local CO-H2 factor
• High Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of the Local Hot Gas along the 3C 273 Sightline
• Possible connection between the asymmetry of North Polar Spur and Loop I with Fermi Bubbles
• Galactic-Center Hyper-Shell Model for the North Polar Spurs
• Suzaku X-ray Observations of the Fermi Bubbles: Northernmost Cap and Southeast Claw Discovered with MAXI-SSC
• Constraining the Distance to the North Polar Spur with Gaia DR2
• A consistency-test for determining whether ultra-compact dwarf galaxies could be the remnant nuclei of threshed galaxies
• On the origin of galactic cosmic rays
• Fermi bubble edges: spectrum and diffusion function
• The 200-pc Molecular Cylinder in the Galactic Centre
• Galactic Center Shells and a Recurrent Starburst Model
• Interaction of the Galactic-Centre Super Bubbles with the Gaseous Disc
• ViCTORIA project: The LOFAR HBA Virgo Cluster Survey
• Asymmetric eROSITA bubbles as the evidence of a circumgalactic medium wind
• Discovery of High-Velocity H$\alpha$ Emission in the Direction of the Fermi Bubble
• The Central 300 pc of the Galaxy probed by infrared spectra of H3+ and CO: II. Expansion and morphology of the warm diffuse gas
• Origin of Galactic Spurs: New Insight from Radio/X-ray All-sky Maps
• Giant HI Hole inside the 3-kpc Ring and the North Polar Spur - The Galactic Crater -
• Dark matter implications of the WMAP-Planck Haze
• Diagnostics of Gaseous Halo of the Milky Way by a Shock Wave from the Galactic Centre
• Splitting the lentils: Clues to galaxy/black hole coevolution from the discovery of offset relations for non-dusty versus dusty (wet-merger-built) lenticular galaxies in the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{spheroid}}$ diagram
• Diffuse x-ray emission from the northern arc of loop I observed with suzaku
• Fermi bubbles: high latitude X-ray supersonic shell
• Studying the Interstellar Medium and the inner region of NPS/Loop 1 with shadow observations toward MBM36
• Fermi bubbles: the collimated outburst needed to explain forward-shock edges
• Bipolar hypershell models of the extended hot interstellar medium in spiral galaxies
• Galactic Population Synthesis of Radioactive Nucleosynthesis Ejecta
• The Bending Feature of the Fermi Bubbles: A Presumed Horizontal Galactic Wind and Its Implication on the Bubbles' Age
• Discovery of non-equilibrium ionization plasma associated with the North Polar Spur and Loop I
• Supernova-remnant origin of the Galactic-Centre filaments
• CO Emission Delineating the Interface between the Milky Way Nuclear Wind Cavity and the Gaseous Disk
• Impact of anisotropic cosmic-ray transport on the gamma-ray signatures in the Galactic Center
• eROSITA narrowband maps at the energies of soft X-ray emission lines
• Feedback between Sgr A and B : AGN-Starburst Connection in the Galactic Centre
• The Brightness of the Galactic Radio Loops at 1420 MHz: Some Indications for the Existence of Loops V and VI
• Cosmic-ray electrons and the magnetic field of the North Polar Spur
• Evidence for powerful winds and the associated reverse shock as the origin of the Fermi bubbles
• Plasma processes at the scales of galaxies and clusters of galaxies
• Past activity of Sgr A* is unlikely to affect the local cosmic-ray spectrum up to the TeV regime
• Detection of polarized Fermi-bubble synchrotron and dust emission
• On the Nature of the X-ray Emission from the Galactic Center Region