EGRET Observations of the Extragalactic Gamma Ray Emission

Abstract

The all-sky survey in high-energy gamma rays (E$>$30 MeV) carried out by the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory provides a unique opportunity to examine in detail the diffuse gamma-ray emission. The observed diffuse emission has a Galactic component arising from cosmic-ray interactions with the local interstellar gas and radiation as well an almost uniformly distributed component that is generally believed to originate outside the Galaxy. Through a careful study and removal of the Galactic diffuse emission, the flux, spectrum and uniformity of the extragalactic emission is deduced. The analysis indicates that the extragalactic emission is well described by a power law photon spectrum with an index of -(2.10+-0.03) in the 30 MeV to 100 GeV energy range. No large scale spatial anisotropy or changes in the energy spectrum are observed in the deduced extragalactic emission. The most likely explanation for the origin of this extragalactic high-energy gamma-ray emission is that it arises primarily from unresolved gamma-ray-emitting blazars.

19 pages latex, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

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• The Identification of EGRET Sources with Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources
• Comment on ``Cosmological Gamma Ray Bursts and the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays''

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• Constraint on dark matter annihilation with dark star formation using Fermi extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray background data
• The diffuse GeV-TeV $\gamma$-ray emission of the Cygnus region
• Upper Limits to Fluxes of Neutrinos and Gamma-Rays from Starburst Galaxies
• The Pionic Contribution to Diffuse Gamma Rays: Upper Limits
• Hunting long-lived gluinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Cosmic Super-Strings and Kaluza-Klein Modes
• Constraints on ultracompact minihalos from the extragalactic gamma-ray background observation
• Cosmic-ray spectra of primary protons and high altitude muons deconvolved from observed atmospheric gamma rays
• Unresolved Unidentified Source Contribution to the Gamma-ray Background
• Search for the Gamma-ray Emission from M33 with Fermi LAT
• Preheating in the Universe Suppressing High Energy Gamma-rays from Structure Formation
• Cosmic Ray Excesses from Multi-component Dark Matter Decays
• Limits on Large Extra Dimensions Based on Observations of Neutron Stars with the Fermi-LAT
• Viability of primordial black holes as short period gamma-ray bursts
• Gamma-ray Production in the Extended Halo of the Galaxy and Possible Implications for the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays
• Estimation of the detected background by the future gamma-ray transient mission CAMELOT
• Growth of massive black holes at their late stage
• Pierre Auger Data, Photons, and Top-Down Cosmic Ray Models
• Beta decay radiation signature from neutron-rich gamma-ray bursts?
• Tests of Relativistic Gravity in Space: Recent Progress and Future Directions
• Stable Colored Particles R-SUSY Relics or Not?
• MAGIC and the Search for Signatures of Supersymmetric Dark Matter
• Z-bursts from the Virgo cluster
• The 2pt+: an enhanced 2 point correlation function
• Fermi Constrains Dark Matter Origin of High Energy Positron Anomaly
• A new Determination of the Extragalactic Background of Diffuse Gamma Rays taking into account Dark Matter Annihilation
• Unidentified EGRET Sources and the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background
• Measuring energy dependent polarization in soft gamma-rays using Compton scattering in PoGOLite
• High Energy Neutrino Astronomy
• TASI 2008 lectures on Collider Signals II: E_T^missing signatures and the dark matter connection
• Cosmological constraints on spontaneous R-symmetry breaking models
• Discrete Gauge Symmetry and Aharonov-Bohm Radiation in String Theory
• Extragalactic Gamma-ray Background from Star-forming Galaxies: Will Empirical Scalings Suffice?
• Galactic Cosmic-Ray Induced Production of Lithium in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Influence of the Earth on the background and the sensitivity of the GRM and ECLAIRs instruments aboard the Chinese-French mission SVOM
• Observation of EGRET Gamma-Ray Sources by an Extensive Air Shower Experiment
• SUSY interpretation of the Egret GeV anomaly, Xenon-10 dark matter search limits and the LHC
• Requirements to Detect the Monoenergetic Photon Signature of Thermal Cold Dark Matter in PeV-Scale Split Supersymmetry
• Dark matter annihilation at cosmological redshifts: possible relic signal from annihilation of weakly interacting massive particles
• Baryogenesis via Leptogenesis in presence of cosmic strings
• Neutrinos as a signature of ultrahigh energy photons at high red shift
• A Unified Model of High-Energy Astrophysical phenomena
• The Spectral Index Distribution of EGRET Blazars: Prospects for GLAST
• Constraining the Cosmic Star Formation Rate with the MeV Background
• Variation of the baryon-to-photon ratio due to decay of dark matter particles
• On the origin of the diffuse gamma-ray background radiation
• Bounds on the neutrino flux from cosmic sources of relativistic particles
• Anisotropies in the diffuse gamma-ray background measured by Fermi LAT
• Dark Matter implications of the Fermi-LAT measurement of anisotropies in the diffuse gamma-ray background: status report
• BL Lacertae Objects and the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background
• High-Energy Cosmology: gamma rays and neutrinos from beyond the galaxy
• High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission From Blazars: EGRET Observations
• Blazar Flaring Rates Measured with GLAST
• Mass limits for heavy neutrinos
• Mirror branes
• Galactic Gamma Ray Background from Interactions of Cosmic Rays
• Constraint on $B-L$ cosmic string from leptogenesis with degenerate neutrinos
• Cosmological abundance of primordial black holes in mixed dark matter scenarios incorporating Kaluza-Klein dark matter
• Characterizing the Expected Behavior of Non-Poissonian Template Fitting
• Limits from CGRO/EGRET Data on the Use of Antimatter as a Power Source by Extraterrestrial Civilizations
• Extremely energetic cosmic neutrinos and their impact on particle physics and cosmology
• A solution of a hoary conundrum: the origin and properties of cosmic rays
• Probing Physics at Extreme Energies with Cosmic Ultra-High Energy Radiation
• Fundamental physics in space with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
• Composite asymmetric dark matter with a dark photon portal: Multimessenger tests
• The search for Milky Way halo substructure WIMP annihilations using the GLAST LAT
• A New Approach to Searching for Dark Matter Signals in Fermi-LAT Gamma Rays
• Extragalactic Background Light: Measurements and Applications
• Astrophysics at the Highest Energy Frontiers
• On the Detectability of Galactic Dark Matter Annihilation into Monochromatic Gamma-rays
• The Mysteries of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays
• Classifying Unidentified Gamma-ray Sources
• Gamma-ray emission toward supergiant shells in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Leptogenesis from composite singlets
• Revisiting Disk Winds in Active Galactic Nuclei as an Origin of Cosmic Gamma-ray and Neutrino Backgrounds
• High Energy Gamma Rays
• Ultra high energy cosmic rays: clustering, GUT scale and neutrino masses
• Diffuse continuum emission and large extended sources at MeV energies
• Determination of Dark Matter Properties at High-Energy Colliders