exoALMA XII: Weighing and sizing exoALMA disks with rotation curve modelling

Abstract

The exoALMA large program offers a unique opportunity to investigate the fundamental properties of protoplanetary disks, such as their masses and sizes, providing important insights in the mechanism responsible for the transport of angular momentum. In this work, we model the rotation curves of CO isotopologues ${}^{12}$CO and ${}^{13}$CO of ten sources within the exoALMA sample, and we constrain the stellar mass, the disk mass and the density scale radius through precise characterization of the pressure gradient and disk self gravity. We obtain dynamical disk masses for our sample measuring the self-gravitating contribution to the gravitational potential. We are able to parametrically describe their surface density, and all of them appear gravitationally stable. By combining dynamical disk masses with dust continuum emission data, we determine an averaged gas-to-dust ratio of approximately 400, not statistically consistent with the standard value of 100, assuming optically thin dust emission. In addition, the measurement of the dynamical scale radius allows for direct comparison with flux-based radii of gas and dust. This comparison suggests that substructures may influence the size of the dust disk, and that CO depletion might reconcile our measurements with thermochemical models. Finally, with the stellar mass, disk mass, scale radius, and accretion rate, and assuming self-similar evolution of the surface density, we constrain the effective ${\alpha }_S$ for these systems. We find a broad range of ${\alpha }_S$ values ranging between $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-2}$.

This paper is part of the exoALMA Focus Issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• exoALMA V: Gaseous Emission Surfaces and Temperature Structures
• exoALMA III: Line-intensity Modeling and System Property Extraction from Protoplanetary Disks
• exoALMA IV: Substructures, Asymmetries, and the Faint Outer Disk in Continuum Emission
• exoALMA. VI. Rotating under Pressure: Rotation curves, azimuthal velocity substructures, and pressure variations
• exoALMA XV: Interpreting the height of CO emission layer
• exoALMA. VIII. Probabilistic Moment Maps and Data Products using Non-parametric Linear Models
• DBNets2.0: simulation-based inference for planet-induced dust substructures in protoplanetary discs
• Astrometric view of companions in the inner dust cavities of protoplanetary disks
• exoALMA XIX: Confirmation of Non-thermal Line Broadening in the DM Tau Protoplanetary Disk
• How two-dimensional are planet-disc interactions? II. Radiation hydrodynamics and suitable cooling prescriptions
• exoALMA XX: Tomographic Detection of Embedded Planets in Protoplanetary Disks
• exoALMA XXIII. Estimating Disk and Planet Properties from Dust Morphologies with DBNets2.0
• Gravitational instability in planet-forming discs
• Benchmarking pre-main sequence stellar evolutionary tracks using disk-based dynamical stellar masses