Photometric detection at $7.7\mu \mathrm{m}$ of a galaxy beyond redshift $14$ with JWST/MIRI

Abstract

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has spectroscopically confirmed numerous galaxies at $z>10$. While weak rest-ultraviolet emission lines have only been seen in a handful of sources, the stronger rest-optical emission lines are highly diagnostic and accessible at mid-infrared wavelengths with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) of JWST. We report the photometric detection of the distant spectroscopically confirmed galaxy JADES-GS-z14-0 at $z=14.32_{-0.20}^{+0.08}$ with MIRI at $7.7\mu \mathrm{m}$. The most plausible solution for the stellar population properties is that this galaxy contains half a billion solar masses in stars with a strong burst of star formation in the most recent few million years. For this model, at least one-third of the flux at $7.7\mu \mathrm{m}$ comes from the rest-optical emission lines $\mathrm{H}\beta$ and/or $[\mathrm{OIII}]\lambda \lambda 4959,5007$. The inferred properties of JADES-GS-z14-0 suggest rapid mass assembly and metal enrichment during the earliest phases of galaxy formation. This work demonstrates the unique power of mid-infrared observations in understanding galaxies at the redshift frontier.

Submitted; main text has 5 pages, 3 figures and 1 table; extended text has 9 pages, 5 figures, and 2 tables

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