Fast-rotating massive Population~III stars as possible sources of extreme N-enrichment in high-redshift galaxies

Abstract

We present an analysis of the chemical compositions in high-redshift galaxies, with a focus on the nitrogen-enhanced galaxies GN-z11 and CEERS-1019. We use stellar models of massive stars with initial masses ranging from 9 to 120 Msol across various metallicities to deduce the chemical abundances of stellar ejecta for a few light elements (H, He, C, N, O). Our study reveals insights into the chemical processes and elemental synthesis in the early universe. We find that Population III stars, particularly at initial fast equatorial rotation and sampled from a top-heavy initial mass function, as well as stars at Z=10^{-5} with moderate rotation, align closely with observed abundance ratios in GN-z11 and CEERS-1019. These models demonstrate log(N/O) = -0.38, log(C/O) =-0.22 and log(O/H) + 12 = 7.82 at dilution factors of f = 20~100, indicating a good match with observational data. Models at higher metallicities do not match these observations, highlighting the unique role of Population III and extremely metal-poor stars in enhancing nitrogen abundance in high-redshift galaxies. Predictions for other abundance ratios, such as log(He/H) ranging from -1.077 to -1.059 and log{(^{12}C/^{13}C)} from 1.35 to 2.42, provide detailed benchmarks for future observational studies.

12 pages, 4 figures. Accepted in A&A

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Cited by in corpus (15)

• JADES: The star-formation and chemical enrichment history of a luminous galaxy at z~9.43 probed by ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy
• Rapidly rotating Population III stellar models as a source of primary nitrogen
• High N/O ratio at high redshift as a result of a strong burst of star formation and differential galactic winds
• Gravitational waves from mergers of Population III binary black holes: roles played by two evolution channels
• Rapid formation of a very massive star >50000 $M_{\odot }$ and subsequently an IMBH from runaway collisions. Direct N-body and Monte Carlo simulations of dense star clusters
• New Ionization Models and the Shocking Nitrogen Excess at z > 5
• Signatures of Rapidly Rotating Stars with Chemically Homogeneous Evolution in the First Galaxies
• The earliest phases of CNO enrichment in galaxies
• Rotating Supermassive Pop III Stars On The Main Sequence
• Population III star formation in the presence of turbulence, magnetic fields and ionizing radiation feedback
• Dating N loud AGNs at high redshift: GS3073 as a snapshot of wCen like evolution of a nuclear star cluster
• Effects of chemically homogeneous evolution of the first stars on the 21-cm signal and reionization
• Evolving massive stars to core collapse with GENEC: Extension of equation of state, opacities and effective nuclear network
• A constant upper luminosity limit of cool supergiant stars down to the extremely low metallicity of I Zw 18
• Direct N-body simulations of rotating and extremely massive Population III star clusters