GLANCE -- Gravitational Lensing Authenticator using Non-Modelled Cross-Correlation Exploration of Gravitational Wave Signals

Abstract

Gravitational lensing is the phenomenon where the presence of matter (called a lens) bends the path of light-like trajectories travelling nearby. Similar to the geometric optics limit of electromagnetic waves, gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) can occur in geometric optics condition when GW wavelength is much smaller than the Schwarzschild radius of the lens i.e. ${\lambda }_{GW}\ll$ R${}_{\mathrm{lens}}^{\mathrm{s}}$. This is known as the strong-lensing regime for which a multiple-image system with different magnifications and phase-shifts is formed. We developed $\text{GLANCE}$, Gravitational Lensing Authenticator using Non-modelled Cross-correlation Exploration, a novel technique to detect strongly lensed GW signals. We demonstrate that cross-correlation between two noisy reconstruction of polarized GW signals shows a non-zero value when the signals are lensed counterparts. The relative strength between the signal cross-correlation and noise cross-correlation can quantify the significance of the event(s) being lensed. Since lensing biases the inference of source parameters, primarily the luminosity distance, a joint parameter estimation of the source and lens-induced parameters is incorporated using a Bayesian framework. We applied $\text{GLANCE}$ to synthetic strong lensing data and showed that it can detect lensed GW signals and correctly constrain the injected source and lens parameters, even when one of the signals is below match-filtered threshold signal-to-noise ratio. This demonstrates ${\text{GLANCE}}^{\prime }$s capability as a robust detection technique for strongly lensed GW signals and can distinguish between lensed and unlensed events.

arXiv comment22 pages, 26 figures (including appendices). Published in MNRAS

References in corpus (57)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
• Gravitational Waves from Mergin Compact Binaries: How Accurately Can One Extract the Binary's Parameters from the Inspiral Waveform?
• Bilby: A user-friendly Bayesian inference library for gravitational-wave astronomy
• Frequency-domain gravitational waves from non-precessing black-hole binaries. II. A phenomenological model for the advanced detector era
• Detecting a stochastic background of gravitational radiation: Signal processing strategies and sensitivities
• Gravitational waves from inspiralling compact binaries: Parameter estimation using second-post-Newtonian waveforms
• Detection methods for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds: a unified treatment
• The Sensitivity of the Advanced LIGO Detectors at the Beginning of Gravitational Wave Astronomy
• Gravitational Lensing
• Sensitivity and Performance of the Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Third Observing Run
• Rapid Bayesian position reconstruction for gravitational-wave transients
• Wave Effects in Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Chirping Binaries
• Open data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA and GEO
• Constraints on the cosmic expansion history from GWTC-3
• Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves: A statistical perspective
• Effect of gravitational lensing on the distribution of gravitational waves from distant binary black hole mergers
• Probing the theory of gravity with gravitational lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys
• Gravitational-Wave Fringes at LIGO: Detecting Compact Dark Matter by Gravitational Lensing
• Precise LIGO Lensing Rate Predictions for Binary Black Holes
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Merging Neutron Star Binaries
• Phase effects from strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves
• What if LIGO's gravitational wave detections are strongly lensed by massive galaxy clusters?
• Effect of lensing magnification on the apparent distribution of black hole mergers
• Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs
• Multi-messenger tests of gravity with weakly lensed gravitational waves
• Testing the nature of gravitational-wave polarizations using strongly lensed signals
• The cross-correlation search for periodic gravitational waves
• The finite source size effect and the wave optics in gravitational lensing
• A fast and precise methodology to search for and analyse strongly lensed gravitational-wave events
• Constraints on compact dark matter from gravitational wave microlensing
• On the waveforms of gravitationally lensed gravitational waves
• Lensing of gravitational waves: efficient wave-optics methods and validation with symmetric lenses
• Observability of lensing of gravitational waves from massive black hole binaries with LISA
• Bayesian statistical framework for identifying strongly lensed gravitational-wave signals
• Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves: wave nature and prospects for detection
• Follow-up Analyses to the O3 LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Lensing Searches
• Impact of astrophysical binary coalescence timescales on the rate of lensed gravitational wave events
• Targeted Sub-threshold Search for Strongly-lensed Gravitational-wave Events
• Rapid Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational-Wave Events with Machine Learning
• Lensing or luck? False alarm probabilities for gravitational lensing of gravitational waves
• Evidence for lensing of gravitational waves from LIGO-Virgo
• Weakly Lensed Gravitational Waves: Probing Cosmic Structures with Wave-Optics Features
• Strong-lensing of Gravitational Waves by Galaxy Clusters
• Joint cosmological inference of standard sirens and gravitational wave weak lensing
• Prospects of testing late-time cosmology with weak lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys
• Probing wave-optics effects and low-mass dark matter halos with lensing of gravitational waves from massive black holes
• Future prospects on testing extensions to $\Lambda$CDM through the weak lensing of gravitational waves
• Improvements in Gravitational-Wave Sky Localization with Expanded Networks of Interferometers
• Search for gravitational-lensing signatures in the full third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo network
• GWSim: Python package for creating mock GW samples for different astrophysical populations and cosmological models of binary black holes
• Probing sub-galactic mass structure with the power spectrum of surface-brightness anomalies in high-resolution observations of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses. I. Power-spectrum measurement and feasibility study
• SCoRe: A New Framework to Study Unmodeled Physics from Gravitational Wave Data
• Pinpointing coalescing binary neutron star sources with the IGWN, including LIGO-Aundha

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Multi-messenger Gravitational Lensing
• $\mu$-GLANCE: A Novel Technique to Detect Chromatically and Achromatically Lensed Gravitational Wave Signals
• The First Model-Independent Chromatic Microlensing Search: No Evidence in the Gravitational Wave Catalog of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA
• A ${\chi }^2$ statistic for the identification of strongly lensed gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences