A direct detection of neutral hydrogen intensity mapping on Mpc scales at $z\approx 0.32$ and $z\approx 0.44$

Abstract

We report the detection of the cosmological power spectrum using the intensity mapping signal from 21-cm emission of neutral hydrogen (HI), derived from interferometric observations with the L-band receivers of the MeerKAT radio telescope. Intensity mapping is a promising technique to map the three-dimensional matter distribution of the Universe at radio frequencies and probe the underlying Cosmology. So far, detections have only been achieved through cross-correlations with galaxy surveys. Here we present independent measurements of the HI power spectrum at redshifts $0.32$ and $0.44$ with the foreground avoidance method. We utilize two distinct frameworks for mitigating systematics, where a conservative baseline flagging based approach achieves detections at $3.2\sigma$ and $3.5\sigma$, and a power spectrum based flagging method enhances the significance to $5.9\sigma$ and $9.18\sigma$, respectively. The information contained in the power spectrum measurements allows us to probe the parameters of the HI mass function and HI halo model. These results are a significant step towards precision cosmology with HI intensity mapping using the new generation of radio telescopes.

arXiv comment32 pages, 30 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters

References in corpus (63)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Halo Models of Large Scale Structure
• Toward a halo mass function for precision cosmology: the limits of universality
• Revising the Halofit Model for the Nonlinear Matter Power Spectrum
• The Large Scale Bias of Dark Matter Halos: Numerical Calibration and Model Tests
• Concentration, Spin and Shape of Dark Matter Haloes: Scatter and the Dependence on Mass and Environment
• Reionization and Cosmology with 21 cm Fluctuations
• Fingers of God
• Cosmological Parameter Estimation Using 21 cm Radiation from the Epoch of Reionization
• Bright Source Subtraction Requirements For Redshifted 21 cm Measurements
• Measurement of 21 cm brightness fluctuations at z ~ 0.8 in cross-correlation
• Late-time cosmology with 21cm intensity mapping experiments
• Four Fundamental Foreground Power Spectrum Shapes for 21 cm Cosmology Observations
• Cosmology with Phase 1 of the Square Kilometre Array; Red Book 2018: Technical specifications and performance forecasts
• Multifrequency analysis of 21 cm fluctuations from the Era of Reionization
• The Epoch of Reionization Window: I. Mathematical Formalism
• New Limits on 21cm EoR From PAPER-32 Consistent with an X-Ray Heated IGM at z=7.7
• Toward Epoch of Reionization Measurements with Wide-Field Radio Observations
• Data Analysis for Precision 21 cm Cosmology
• Imaging the Epoch of Reionization: limitations from foreground confusion and imaging algorithms
• The Epoch of Reionization Window: II. Statistical Methods for Foreground Wedge Reduction
• A Sensitivity and Array-Configuration Study for Measuring the Power Spectrum of 21cm Emission from Reionization
• First Results from HERA Phase I: Upper Limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Power Spectrum
• Ingredients for 21cm intensity mapping
• Calibration Requirements for Detecting the 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum and Implications for the SKA
• Opening the 21cm EoR Window: Measurements of Foreground Isolation with PAPER
• Lack of clustering in low-redshift 21-cm intensity maps cross-correlated with 2dF galaxy densities
• The ALFALFA HI mass function: A dichotomy in the low-mass slope and a locally suppressed 'knee' mass
• Neutral hydrogen surveys for high redshift galaxy clusters and proto-clusters
• A simplified, lossless re-analysis of PAPER-64
• The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT DEEP2 Image
• HI intensity mapping with MeerKAT: power spectrum detection in cross-correlation with WiggleZ galaxies
• HI constraints from the cross-correlation of eBOSS galaxies and Green Bank Telescope intensity maps
• HI Fluctuations at Large Redshifts: I--Visibility correlation
• The effect of foreground subtraction on cosmological measurements from Intensity Mapping
• MIGHTEE-HI: The HI emission project of the MeerKAT MIGHTEE survey
• Detection of Cosmological 21 cm Emission with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment
• HI 21-centimetre emission from an ensemble of galaxies at an average redshift of one
• Neutral hydrogen (HI) gas content of galaxies at $z\approx 0.32$
• HI intensity mapping with MeerKAT: Calibration pipeline for multi-dish autocorrelation observations
• Extracting HI cosmological signal with Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination
• The Statistical Properties of Neutral Gas at z<1.65 from UV Measurements of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
• The atomic Hydrogen content of the post-reionization Universe
• Primary beam effects of radio astronomy antennas -- II. Modelling the MeerKAT L-band beam
• Hi intensity mapping with MeerKAT: Primary beam effects on foreground cleaning
• Impact of Foregrounds on HI Intensity Mapping Cross-Correlations with Optical Surveys
• TheHaloMod: An online calculator for the halo model
• MIGHTEE-HI: The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation over the last billion years
• Radio spectral properties of star-forming galaxies in the MIGHTEE-COSMOS field and their impact on the far-infrared-radio correlation
• Source Counts Spanning Eight Decades of Flux Density at 1.4 GHz
• Intensity mapping cross-correlations II: HI halo models including shot noise
• Wide-field LOFAR-LBA power-spectra analyses: Impact of calibration, polarization leakage and ionosphere
• MIGHTEE-HI: Evolution of HI scaling relations of star-forming galaxies at $z<0.5$
• New EoR Power Spectrum Limits From MWA Phase II Using the Delay Spectrum Method and Novel Systematic Rejection
• Extracting HI Astrophysics from Interferometric Intensity Mapping
• Delay Spectrum with Phase-Tracking Arrays: Extracting the HI power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization
• Evidence of Ultra-faint Radio Frequency Interference in Deep 21~cm Epoch of Reionization Power Spectra with the Murchison Widefield Array
• The Halo Occupation Distribution of HI from 21cm Intensity Mapping at Moderate Redshifts
• HI intensity mapping with the MIGHTEE survey: power spectrum estimates
• The parameter-free Finger-Of-God model and its application to 21cm intensity mapping
• Towards Optimal Foreground Mitigation Strategies for Interferometric HI Intensity Mapping in the Low-Redshift Universe

Cited by in corpus (11)

• The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum (T-RECS) simulation II: HI emission and continuum-HI cross-correlation
• Eliminating polarization leakage effect for neutral hydrogen intensity mapping with deep learning
• Multipole expansion for 21cm Intensity Mapping power spectrum: forecasted cosmological parameters estimation for the SKA Observatory
• Towards $21$-cm intensity mapping at $z=2.28$ with uGMRT using the tapered gridded estimator III: Foreground removal
• Square Kilometre Array Science Data Challenge 3a: foreground removal for an EoR experiment
• Towards $21$-cm intensity mapping at $z=2.28$ with uGMRT using the tapered gridded estimator -- IV. Wideband analysis
• A Differentiable, End-to-End Forward Model for 21 cm Cosmology: Estimating the Foreground, Instrument, and Signal Joint Posterior
• A statistical framework for recovering intensity mapping autocorrelations from crosscorrelations
• HI Intensity Mapping with the MIGHTEE Survey: First Results of the HI Power Spectrum
• Atomic Hydrogen Shows its True Colours: Correlations between HI and Galaxy Colour in Simulations
• Power spectrum multipoles and clustering wedges during the Epoch of Reionization