HI intensity mapping with MeerKAT: power spectrum detection in cross-correlation with WiggleZ galaxies

Abstract

We present a detection of correlated clustering between MeerKAT radio intensity maps and galaxies from the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey. We find a $7.7\sigma$ detection of the cross-correlation power spectrum, the amplitude of which is proportional to the product of the HI density fraction (${\Omega }_{\mathrm{HI}}$), HI bias ($b_{\mathrm{HI}}$) and the cross-correlation coefficient ($r$). We therefore obtain the constraint ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{HI}}{b}_{\mathrm{HI}}r=[0.86\pm 0.10(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.12(\mathrm{sys})]\times 10^{-3}$, at an effective scale of $k_{\mathrm{eff}}\sim 0.13h{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$. The intensity maps were obtained from a pilot survey with the MeerKAT telescope, a 64-dish pathfinder array to the SKA Observatory (SKAO). The data were collected from 10.5 hours of observations using MeerKAT's L-band receivers over six nights covering the 11hr field of WiggleZ, in the frequency range $1015-973\mathrm{MHz}$ (0.400$<z<$0.459 in redshift). This detection is the first practical demonstration of the multi-dish auto-correlation intensity mapping technique for cosmology. This marks an important milestone in the roadmap for the cosmology science case with the full SKAO.

11 pages, 7 figures. See Fig.5 for the main result, showing the cross-power spectrum between MeerKAT and WiggleZ, revealing the 7.7σdetection. v2 is the version accepted for publication by MNRAS. The main changes from v1 were in introducing the radio intensity mapping data

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