Searching for a Hypervelocity White Dwarf Companion: A Proper Motion Survey of SN 1006

Abstract

Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are securely understood to come from the thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf as a result of binary interaction, but the nature of that binary interaction and the secondary object is uncertain. Recently, a double white dwarf model known as the dynamically driven double-degenerate double-detonation (D6) model has become a promising explanation for these events. One realization of this scenario predicts that the companion may survive the explosion and reside within the remnant as a fast moving ($V_{peculiar}>1000$ km s${}^{-1}$), overluminous ($L>0.1L_{\odot }$) white dwarf. Recently, three objects which appear to have these unusual properties have been discovered in the Gaia survey. We obtained photometric observations of the SN Ia remnant SN 1006 with the Dark Energy Camera over four years to attempt to discover a similar star. We present a deep, high precision astrometric proper motion survey of the interior stellar population of the remnant. We rule out the existence of a high proper motion object consistent with our tested realization of the D6 scenario ($V_{transverse}>600$ km s${}^{-1}$ with $m_r<21$ corresponding to an intrinsic luminosity of $L>0.0176L_{\odot }$). We conclude that such a star does not exist within the remnant, or is hidden from detection by either strong localized dust or the unlikely possibility of ejection from the binary system near parallel to the line of sight.

15 pages, 10 figures

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• Type Ia Supernova Explosions in Binary Systems: A Review
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• Hyper-runaway and hypervelocity white dwarf candidates in \textit{Gaia} Data Release 3: possible remnants from Ia/Iax supernova explosions or dynamical encounters
• No Surviving SN Ia Companion In SNR 0509-67.5: Stellar Population Characterization and Comparison To Models
• Supernova Shocks Cannot Explain the Inflated State of Hypervelocity Runaways from White Dwarf Binaries
• A possible surviving companion of the SN Ia in the Galactic SNR G272.2-3.2
• What triggers type Ia supernovae: Prompt detonations from primordial black holes or companion stars?
• Violent mergers can explain the inflated state of some of the fastest stars in the Galaxy