Nebular-Phase Spectra of Nearby Type Ia Supernovae

Abstract

We present late-time spectra of eight Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained at $>200$ days after peak brightness using the Gemini South and Keck telescopes. All of the SNe Ia in our sample were nearby, well separated from their host galaxy's light, and have early-time photometry and spectroscopy from the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO). Parameters are derived from the light curves and spectra such as peak brightness, decline rate, photospheric velocity, and the widths and velocities of the forbidden nebular emission lines. We discuss the physical interpretations of these parameters for the individual SNe Ia and the sample in general, including comparisons to well-observed SNe Ia from the literature. There are possible correlations between early-time and late-time spectral features that may indicate an asymmetric explosion, so we discuss our sample of SNe within the context of models for an offset ignition and/or white dwarf collisions. A subset of our late-time spectra are uncontaminated by host emission, and we statistically evaluate our nondetections of H$\alpha$ emission to limit the amount of hydrogen in these systems. Finally, we consider the late-time evolution of the iron emission lines, finding that not all of our SNe follow the established trend of a redward migration at $>200$ days after maximum brightness.

arXiv comment20 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables; accepted to MNRAS

References in corpus (61)

• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope
• Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
• The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Final Redshift Release (DR3) and Southern Large-Scale Structures
• Observational clues to the progenitors of Type-Ia supernovae
• WISeREP - An Interactive Supernova Data Repository
• Cosmicflows-2: The Data
• The 1000 Brightest HIPASS Galaxies: HI Properties
• An Open Catalog for Supernova Data
• The diversity of Type Ia Supernovae: evidence for systematics?
• A Common Explosion Mechanism for Type Ia Supernovae
• The diversity of Type II supernova versus the similarity in their progenitors
• Type Ia Supernova Explosions in Binary Systems: The Impact on the Secondary Star and its Consequences
• Accelerating Compact Object Mergers in Triple Systems with the Kozai Resonance: A Mechanism for "Prompt" Type Ia Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Other Exotica
• Comparative Direct Analysis of Type Ia Supernova Spectra. II. Maximum Light
• Head-on collisions of white dwarfs in triple systems could explain type Ia supernova
• The Spectroscopic Diversity of Type Ia Supernovae
• SOUSA: the Swift Optical/Ultraviolet Supernova Archive
• Kinematics of the Local Universe XIII. 21-cm line measurements of 452 galaxies with the Nançay radiotelescope, JHK Tully-Fisher relation and preliminary maps of the peculiar velocity field
• An asymmetric explosion as the origin of spectral evolution diversity in type Ia supernovae
• Violent mergers of nearly equal-mass white dwarf as progenitors of subluminous Type Ia supernovae
• Constraining the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor: The Search for Hydrogen in Nebular Spectra
• Ultraviolet Light Curves of Supernovae with Swift Uvot
• Collisions of white dwarfs as a new progenitor channel for type Ia supernovae
• Type Ia Supernovae as Stellar Endpoints and Cosmological Tools
• The properties of the peculiar Type Ia SN~1991bg. Analysis and discussion of two years of observations
• The Northern HIPASS catalogue - Data presentation, completeness and reliability measures
• Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. I. The Methods and Database
• Early and late time VLT spectroscopy of SN 2001el - progenitor constraints for a type Ia supernova
• Rapidly Decaying Supernova 2010X: A Candidate ".Ia" Explosion
• On Type Ia Supernovae From The Collisions of Two White Dwarfs
• Hubble flow around Fornax cluster of galaxies
• No Stripped Hydrogen in the Nebular Spectra of Nearby Type Ia Supernova 2011fe
• SFI++ II: A New I-band Tully-Fisher Catalog, Derivation of Peculiar Velocities and Dataset Properties
• The Very Young Type Ia Supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and Strong Carbon Absorption in Early-Time Spectra
• Nebular spectra and abundance tomography of the type Ia supernova SN 2011fe: a normal SN Ia with a stable Fe core
• Nebular Spectra and Explosion Asymmetry of Type Ia Supernovae
• Type Ia Supernovae with Bi-Modal Explosions Are Common -- Possible Smoking Gun for Direct Collisions of White-Dwarfs
• Measuring nickel masses in Type Ia supernovae using cobalt emission in nebular phase spectra
• Spectropolarimetry of the Type II Supernovae 1997ds, 1998A, and 1999gi
• Spectroscopic Observations of SN 2012fr: A Luminous Normal Type Ia Supernova with Early High Velocity Features and Late Velocity Plateau
• Searching for swept-up Hydrogen and Helium in the late-time spectra of 11 nearby Type Ia supernovae
• Exact Time-dependent Solutions for the Thin Accretion Disc Equation: Boundary Conditions at Finite Radius
• Effects of Explosion Asymmetry and Viewing Angle on the Type Ia Supernova Color and Luminosity Calibration
• Reconciling the infrared catastrophe and observations of SN 2011fe
• Optical and Ultraviolet Observations of the Narrow-Lined Type Ia SN 2012fr in NGC 1365
• Rotational Widths for Use in the Tully-Fisher Relation. I. Long-slit Spectroscopic Data
• 500 Days of SN 2013dy: spectra and photometry from the ultraviolet to the infrared
• Berkeley Supernova Ia Program V: Late-Time Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae
• An HI Survey of Six Local Group Analogs. II. HI properties of group galaxies
• Constraining the Progenitor Companion of the Nearby Type Ia SN 2011fe with a Nebular Spectrum at +981 Days
• Early observations of the nearby type Ia supernova SN 2015F
• Twins for life? A comparative analysis of the Type Ia supernovae 2011fe and 2011by
• Spectropolarimetry of the Type Ia Supernova 2012fr
• Abundance stratification in Type Ia supernovae - III. The normal SN 2003du
• How do Type Ia Supernova Nebular Spectra Depend on Explosion Properties? Insights from Systematic non-LTE Modeling
• Predicting the amount of hydrogen stripped by the supernova explosion for SN 2002cx-like SNe Ia
• The ANU WiFeS SuperNovA Program (AWSNAP)
• Progressive Red Shifts in the Late-Time Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae
• [CoIII] versus NaID in type Ia supernova spectra
• Post-maximum near infrared spectra of SN 2014J: A search for interaction signatures

Cited by in corpus (55)

• Observational Properties of Thermonuclear Supernovae
• Type Ia Supernova Explosions in Binary Systems: A Review
• Using late-time optical and near-infrared spectra to constrain Type Ia supernova explosion properties
• SN 2012fr: Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-Infrared Light Curves of a Type Ia Supernova Observed Within a Day of Explosion
• Multi-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Calculations of Double Detonations of Sub-Chandrasekhar-Mass White Dwarfs
• Nebular Spectra of 111 Type Ia Supernovae Disfavor Single Degenerate Progenitors
• ASASSN-18tb: A Most Unusual Type Ia Supernova Observed by TESS and SALT
• Sub-Chandrasekhar progenitors favoured for type Ia supernovae: Evidence from late-time spectroscopy
• Nebular Spectroscopy of the `Blue Bump' Type Ia Supernova 2017cbv
• No Stripped Companion Material in the Nebular Spectrum of the "Two-Component" Type Ia Supernova ASASSN-18bt
• Strong Calcium Emission Indicates that the Ultraviolet-Flashing Type Ia SN 2019yvq was the Result of a Sub-Chandrasekhar Mass Double-Detonation Explosion
• Carnegie Supernova Project: The First Homogeneous Sample of "Super-Chandrasekhar Mass"/2003fg-like Type Ia Supernova
• Variable H$\alpha$ Emission in the Nebular Spectra of the Low-Luminosity Type Ia SN2018cqj/ATLAS18qtd
• ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae III: Early-Time Colors as a Test for Explosion Models and Multiple Populations
• Nebular Spectroscopy of Kepler's Brightest Supernova
• The $\gamma$-ray deposition histories of core-collapse supernovae
• SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv: Two Sibling Type Ia Supernovae in the spiral galaxy NGC 5643
• Observations of SN 2015F suggest a correlation between the intrinsic luminosity of Type Ia supernovae and the shape of their light curves >900 days after explosion
• A Carbon/Oxygen-dominated Atmosphere Days After Explosion for the "Super-Chandrasekhar" Type Ia SN 2020esm
• JWST Low-Resolution MIRI Spectral Observations of SN~2021aefx: High-density Burning in a Type Ia Supernova
• Nebular spectroscopy of SN 2014J: Detection of stable nickel in near infrared spectra
• The first 48: Discovery and progenitor constraints on the Type Ia supernova 2013gy
• Understanding nebular spectra of Type Ia supernovae
• Measuring an off-Center Detonation through Infrared Line Profiles: The peculiar Type Ia Supernova SN~2020qxp/ASASSN-20jq
• Spectral signatures of H-rich material stripped from a non-degenerate companion by a Type Ia supernova
• Detection of Circumstellar Helium in Type Iax Progenitor Systems
• Spectroscopic Studies of Type Ia Supernovae Using LSTM Neural Networks
• Constraining Type Ia Supernova Progenitor Scenarios with Extremely Late-time Photometry of Supernova SN 2013aa
• A Significantly off-center Ni56 Distribution for the Low-Luminosity Type Ia Supernova SN 2016brx from the 100IAS survey
• Nebular H$\alpha$ Limits for Fast Declining Type Ia Supernovae
• Signatures of Bimodality in Nebular Phase Type Ia Supernova Spectra
• iPTF16abc and the population of Type Ia supernovae: Comparing the photospheric, transitional and nebular phases
• A Rapid Ionization Change in the Nebular-Phase Spectra of the Type Ia SN 2011fe
• Optical and Near-Infrared Observations of the Nearby Type Ia Supernova 2017cbv
• The Whisper of a Whimper of a Bang: 2400 Days of the Type Ia SN 2011fe Reveals the Decay of ${}^{55}$Fe
• The Early Light Curve of SN 2023bee: Constraining Type Ia Supernova Progenitors the Apian Way
• Nebular-Phase Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae from the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Supernova Project
• Searching for a Hypervelocity White Dwarf Companion: A Proper Motion Survey of SN 1006
• Photometric and spectroscopic evolution of the peculiar Type IIn SN 2012ab
• Type Ia Supernova Progenitor Properties and Their Host Galaxies
• Peculiar Supernovae
• Near-infrared and Optical Nebular-phase Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv in NGC 5643
• SN 2022joj: A Peculiar Type Ia Supernova Possibly Driven by an Asymmetric Helium-shell Double Detonation
• SN 2019ein: A Type Ia Supernova Likely Originated from a Sub-Chandrasekhar-Mass Explosion
• Bright Type IIP Supernovae in Low-Metallicity Galaxies
• Galactic Positrons from Thermonuclear Supernovae
• Narrow Transient Absorptions in Late-Time Optical Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae: Evidence for Large Clumps of Iron-Rich Ejecta?
• Detection of [C I] Emission in Nebular Spectra of a Peculiar Type Ia Supernova 2022pul
• Characterization of Supernovae Based on the Spectral-Temporal Energy Distribution: Possible two SN Ib Subtypes
• The Search for Stable Nickel: Investigating the Origins of Type Ia Supernovae with Late-time NIR Spectroscopy from the Carnegie Supernova Project-II
• Including a Luminous Central Remnant in Radiative Transfer Simulations for Type Iax Supernovae
• $\texttt{HostSub_GP}$: Precise Galaxy Background Subtraction in Transient Long-slit Spectroscopy with Gaussian Processes
• Producing type Ia supernovae from hybrid CONe white dwarfs with main-sequence binary companions at low metallicity of Z = 0.0001
• Circumstellar Medium Constraints on the Environment of Two Nearby Type Ia Supernovae: SN 2017cbv and SN 2020nlb
• Normal or transitional? The evolution and properties of two type Ia supernovae in the Virgo cluster