A possible surviving companion of the SN Ia in the Galactic SNR G272.2-3.2

Abstract

We use the {\it Gaia} EDR3 to explore the Galactic supernova remnant SNR G272.2-3.2, produced by the explosion of a Type Ia supernova (SNIa), about 7,500 years ago, to search for a surviving companion. From the abundances in the SNR ejecta, G272.2-3.2 is a normal SN Ia. The {\it Gaia} parallaxes allow to select the stars located within the estimated distance range of the SNR, and the {\it Gaia} proper motions to study their kinematics. From the {\it Gaia} EDR3 photometry, we construct the HR diagram of the selected sample, which we compare with the theoretical predictions for the evolution of possible star companions of SNIa. We can discard several proposed types of companions by combining kinematics and photometry. We can also discard hypervelocity stars. We focus our study on the kinematically most peculiar star, {\it Gaia} EDR3 5323900215411075328 (hereafter MV-G272), a 8.9 $\sigma$ outlier in proper motion. It is of M1-M2 stellar type. Its trajectory on the sky locates it at the center of the SNR, 6,000--8,000 years ago, a unique characteristic among the the sample. Spectra allow a stellar parameters determination and a chemical abundance analysis. In conclusion, we have a candidate to be the surviving companion of the SN Ia that resulted in SNR G272.2-3.2. It is supported by its kinematical characteristics and its trajectory within the SNR. This opens the possibility of a single-degenerate scenario for a SN Ia with an M-type dwarf companion.

arXiv comment35 pages, 19 Figures, 5 Tables, published as ApJ 947, 90R

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