Ultracold Gas of Dipolar NaCs Ground State Molecules

Abstract

We report on the creation of bosonic NaCs molecules in their absolute rovibrational ground state via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. We create ultracold gases with up to 22,000 dipolar NaCs molecules at a temperature of 300(50) nK and a peak density of $1.0(4)\times 10^{12}$ cm${}^{-3}$. We demonstrate comprehensive quantum state control by preparing the molecules in a specific electronic, vibrational, rotational, and hyperfine state. Employing the tunability and strength of the permanent electric dipole moment of NaCs, we induce dipole moments of up to 2.6 D. Dipolar systems of NaCs molecules are uniquely suited to explore strongly interacting phases in dipolar quantum matter.

6 pages, 5 figures

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• Microwave shielding of bosonic NaRb molecules
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• Observation of photoassociation resonances in ultracold atom-molecule collisions
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• Broad Feshbach resonance with a large background scattering length in a fermionic atom-molecule mixture
• Beyond-mean-field phases of rotating dipolar condensates
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• A versatile apparatus for simultaneous trapping of multiple species of ultracold atoms and ions to enable studies of low energy collisions and cold chemistry
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• Automated Graph-Based Detection of Quantum Control Schemes: Application to Molecular Laser Cooling