Double Microwave Shielding

Abstract

We develop double microwave shielding, which has recently enabled evaporative cooling to the first Bose-Einstein condensate of polar molecules [Bigagli et al., Nature 631, 289 (2024)]. Two microwave fields of different frequency and polarization are employed to effectively shield polar molecules from inelastic collisions and three-body recombination. Here, we describe in detail the theory of double microwave shielding. We demonstrate that double microwave shielding effectively suppresses two- and three-body losses. Simultaneously, dipolar interactions and the scattering length can be flexibly tuned, enabling comprehensive control over interactions in ultracold gases of polar molecules. We show that this approach works universally for a wide range of molecules. This opens the door to studying many-body physics with strongly interacting dipolar quantum matter.

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Effective potential and scattering length of shielding polar molecules
• Thermal behavior of Bose-Einstein condensates of polar molecules
• Creating and melting a supersolid by heating a quantum dipolar system
• Symmetry and Self-Bound Droplets in Dipolar Molecular Gases
• Efimov Effect in Ultracold Microwave-Shielded Polar Molecules
• Trion formation and ordering in the attractive SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard model
• Strongly dipolar molecular Bose-Einstein condensates: From few- to many-body physics