Search for monopole-dipole interactions at the sub-millimeter range with a ${}^{129}$Xe-${}^{131}$Xe-Rb comagnetometer

Abstract

Monopole-dipole interactions involving scalar couplings between a spin and a massive particle violate both P- and T-symmetry, and can be mediated by axions. We use a ${}^{129}$Xe-${}^{131}$Xe-Rb atomic cell comagnetometer to measure the ratio of precession frequencies between the two xenon isotopes, and search for changes of the ratio correlated with the distance between the atomic cell and a non-magnetic bismuth germanate (BGO) crystal. A modulated Rb polarization scheme is used to suppress systematic effects by two orders of magnitude. The null results of this search improve the upper limit on the coupling strength $g_s^N{g}_p^n$ over the interaction range 0.11 - 0.55 mm, and by a maximum improvement factor of 30 at 0.24 mm. The corresponding propagator mass range of this new excluded region covers 0.36 - 1.80 meV.

arXiv commentAccepted by Physical Review Letters

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