Resolving the Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources in the Ly$\alpha$ Emitting Galaxy Haro 11

Abstract

Lyman continuum and line emission are thought to be important agents in the reionization of the early universe. Haro 11 is a rare example of a local galaxy in which Ly$\alpha$ and continuum emission have escaped without being absorbed or scattered by ambient gas and dust, potentially as a consequence of feedback from its X-ray sources. We build on our previous Chandra analysis of Haro 11 by analyzing three new observations. Our subpixel spatial analysis reveals that the two previously known X-ray sources are each better modelled as ensembles of at least 2 unresolved point sources. The spatial variability of these components reveals X1 as a dynamical system where one luminous X-ray source ($L_{\mathrm{X}}\sim 10^{41}$ erg s${}^{-1}$) fades as a secondary source begins to flare. These might be intermediate mass black holes or low luminosity active galactic nuclei near the center of the galaxy in the process of merging. Optical emission line diagnostics drawn from the literature suggest that while the galaxy as a whole is consistent with starburst signatures of ionization, the individual regions wherein the X-ray sources reside are more consistent with AGN/composite classification. The sources in X2 exhibit some degree of flux variability. X2a dominates the flux of this region during most observations ($L_{\mathrm{X}}\sim 6\times 10^{40}$ erg s${}^{-1}$), and gives the only evidence in the galaxy of a soft Ultra-Luminous X-ray source capable of high energy winds, which we suggest are responsible for allowing the coincident Ly$\alpha$ emission to escape.

18 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (26)

• X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries
• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Likelihoods and Parameters from the WMAP data
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 Msun binary black hole merger GW190521
• Strong Nebular Line Ratios in the Spectra of z~2-3 Star-forming Galaxies: First Results from KBSS-MOSFIRE
• The Direct Detection of Lyman-Continuum Emission from Star-forming Galaxies at z~3
• The MOSDEF Survey: Excitation Properties of $z\sim 2.3$ Star-forming Galaxies
• Observations of the Lyman-$\alpha$ Universe
• A spectral-timing model for ULXs in the super-critical regime
• HST morphologies of local Lyman break galaxy analogs I: Evidence for starbursts triggered by merging
• The Diverse Properties of the Most Ultraviolet Luminous Galaxies Discovered by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer
• Hidden AGN in dwarf galaxies revealed by MaNGA: light echoes, off-nuclear wanderers, and a new broad-line AGN
• Feedback in the local LBG Analog Haro 11 as probed by far-UV and X-ray observations
• The escape of Lyman photons from a young starburst: the case of Haro 11
• X-ray binary formation in low-metallicity blue compact dwarf galaxies
• Low-redshift compact star-forming galaxies as analogues of high-redshift star-forming galaxies
• Chandra Survey of Nearby Galaxies: The Catalog
• The impact of Stellar feedback from velocity-dependent ionised gas maps. -- A MUSE view of Haro 11
• Neutral ISM, Lyman-Alpha and Lyman-continuum in the nearby starburst Haro 11
• What Drives the Redshift Evolution of Strong Emission Line Ratios?
• Optical Spectroscopy of the environment of a ULX in NGC 7331
• Resolving the X-ray emission from the Lyman continuum emitting galaxy Tol 1247-232
• Detection of HI in Emission in the Lyman Alpha Emitting Galaxy Haro 11
• Enhanced X-ray emission from candidate Lyman continuum emitting galaxies
• On the contribution of ULXs to stellar feedback: an intermediate mass black hole candidate and the population of ULXs in the low-metallicity starburst galaxy ESO 338-4
• Accretion-Driven Sources in Spatially Resolved Ly$\alpha$ Emitters

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Inferring the HII region escape fraction of ionizing photons from infrared emission lines in metal-poor star-forming dwarf galaxies
• Elevated Hot Gas and High-Mass X-ray Binary Emission in Low Metallicity Galaxies: Implications for Nebular Ionization and Intergalactic Medium Heating in the Early Universe
• Haro 11 -- Untying the knots of the nuclear starburst
• The molecular gas resolved by ALMA in the low-metallicity dwarf merging galaxy Haro 11
• Disentangling the X-ray variability in the Lyman continuum emitter Haro 11
• Rapid turn-on of a luminous X-ray source in the candidate Lyman continuum emitting galaxy Tol 0440-381
• Probing the heating of the neutral atomic interstellar medium in the Dwarf Galaxy Survey through infrared cooling lines
• Forming the local starburst galaxy Haro 11 through hydrodynamical merger simulations