Understanding ULX Nebulae in the Framework of Supercritical Accretion

Abstract

For a long time, the well-known supercritically accreting binary SS433 is being proposed as a prototype for a class of hypothetical bright X-ray sources that may be identified with the so-called Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in nearby galaxies or at least with part of them. Like SS433, these objects should be associated with optical nebulae, powered by both radiation of the central source and its wind or jet activity. Indeed, around many ULXs, bright optical nebulae (ULX Nebulae, ULXNe) are found. Here, we use SS433 as a prototype for the power source creating the nebulae around ULXs. Though many factors are important such as the structure of the host star-forming region and the possible supernova remnant formed together with the accreting compact object, we show that most of the properties of ULXNe may be explained by an SS433-like system evolving for up to about one million years in a constant density environment. The basic stages of evolution of a ULX Nebula include a non-spherical HII-region with a central cavity created by non-radiative shock waves, an elongated or bipolar shock-powered nebula created by jet activity and a large-scale quasi-spherical bubble.

23 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication by New Astronomy

References in corpus (10)

• Super-critically accreting stellar-mass black holes as ultraluminous X-ray sources
• The Distance to SS433/W50 and its Interaction with the ISM
• Spectroscopy of Optical Counterparts of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• Deep optical observations of the interaction of the SS 433 microquasar jet with the W 50 radio continuum shell
• The Jets and and Supercritical Accretion Disk in SS433
• A synchrotron superbubble in the IC 10 Galaxy: a hypernova remnant?
• Optical Spectroscopy of the ULX-Associated Nebula MF16
• The Eastern Filament of W50
• Kinematics of the Nebular Complex MH9/10/11 Associated with HoIX X-1
• 3D hydrodynamical simulations of the large scale structure of W50-SS433

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• Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources in Haro 11 and the Role of X-ray Binaries in Feedback in Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies
• Spitzer Observations of MF 16 Nebula and the associated Ultraluminous X-ray Source
• New observations of ULX supershells, and their implications
• Resolving the Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources in the Ly$\alpha$ Emitting Galaxy Haro 11
• One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog
• Does slow and steady win the race? Investigating feedback processes in giant molecular clouds