A revisit of PSR J1909$-$3744 with 15-year high-precision timing

Abstract

We report on a high-precision timing analysis and an astrophysical study of the binary millisecond pulsar, PSR J1909$-$3744, motivated by the accumulation of data with well improved quality over the past decade. Using 15 years of observations with the Nançay Radio Telescope, we achieve a timing precision of approximately 100 ns. We verify our timing results by using both broad-band and sub-band template matching methods to create the pulse time-of-arrivals. Compared with previous studies, we improve the measurement precision of secular changes in orbital period and projected semi-major axis. We show that these variations are both dominated by the relative motion between the pulsar system and the solar system barycenter. Additionally, we identified four possible solutions to the ascending node of the pulsar orbit, and measured a precise kinetic distance of the system. Using our timing measurements and published optical observations, we investigate the binary history of this system using the stellar evolution code MESA, and discuss solutions based on detailed WD cooling at the edge of the WD age dichotomy paradigm. We determine the 3-D velocity of the system and show that it has been undergoing a highly eccentric orbit around the centre of our Galaxy. Furthermore, we set up a constraint over dipolar gravitational radiation with the system, which is complementary to previous studies given the mass of the pulsar. We also obtain a new limit on the parameterised post-Newtonian parameter, ${\alpha }_1<2.1\times 10^{-5}$ at 95 % confidence level, which is fractionally better than previous best published value and achieved with a more concrete method.

arXiv comment17 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (81)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
• A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
• f(R) theories
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• MultiNest: an efficient and robust Bayesian inference tool for cosmology and particle physics
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
• Neutron Star Structure and the Equation of State
• The Galaxy in Context: Structural, Kinematic and Integrated Properties
• The ATNF Pulsar Catalogue
• Trigonometric Parallaxes of High Mass Star Forming Regions: the Structure and Kinematics of the Milky Way
• TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. I: Overview
• The mass distribution and gravitational potential of the Milky Way
• PSRCHIVE and PSRFITS An Open Approach to Radio Pulsar Data Storage and Analysis
• The Proper Motion of Sgr A*: II. The Mass of Sgr A*
• Tensor-scalar gravity and binary-pulsar experiments
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: High-precision timing of 45 Millisecond Pulsars
• Detection of the Schwarzschild precession in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole
• The relativistic pulsar-white dwarf binary PSR J1738+0333 II. The most stringent test of scalar-tensor gravity
• European Pulsar Timing Array Limits On An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• High-precision timing of 42 millisecond pulsars with the European Pulsar Timing Array
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: Pulsar-timing Constraints On The Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
• Stringent constraints on neutron-star radii from multimessenger observations and nuclear theory
• The local density of matter mapped by Hipparcos
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: Second data release
• Precision Timing Measurements of PSR J1012+5307
• Gravitational radiation from compact binary systems in the massive Brans-Dicke theory of gravity
• Formation of millisecond pulsars with CO white dwarf companions - II. Accretion, spin-up, true ages and comparison to MSPs with He white dwarf companions
• Timing stability of millisecond pulsars and prospects for gravitational-wave detection
• TempoNest: A Bayesian approach to pulsar timing analysis
• Models of low-mass helium white dwarfs including gravitational settling, thermal and chemical diffusion, and rotational mixing
• Coalescence of binary neutron stars in a scalar-tensor theory of gravity
• Gravitational-wave Limits from Pulsar Timing Constrain Supermassive Black Hole Evolution
• Formation of black widows and redbacks -- two distinct populations of eclipsing binary millisecond pulsars
• Understanding and analysing time-correlated stochastic signals in pulsar timing
• LMXB and IMXB Evolution: I. The Binary Radio Pulsar PSR J1614-2230
• Limitations in timing precision due to single-pulse shape variability in millisecond pulsars
• The Correlation Between Mixing Length and Metallicity on the Giant Branch: Implications for Ages in the Gaia Era
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Project: Second data release
• Tests of Gravitational Symmetries with Pulsar Binary J1713+0747
• The NANOGrav 12.5-year Data Set: Wideband Timing of 47 Millisecond Pulsars
• Measuring the mass of solar system planets using pulsar timing
• Constraining nonperturbative strong-field effects in scalar-tensor gravity by combining pulsar timing and laser-interferometer gravitational-wave detectors
• Tests of local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity in the standard model extension with pulsars
• New tests of local Lorentz invariance of gravity with small-eccentricity binary pulsars
• A pulsar-based timescale from the International Pulsar Timing Array
• A new limit on local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity from solitary pulsars
• Spin-Down of Radio Millisecond Pulsars at Genesis
• The timescale of low-mass proto-helium white dwarf evolution
• Highly compact neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories of gravity: Spontaneous scalarization versus gravitational collapse
• Measuring pulse times of arrival from broadband pulsar observations
• The kinematics and orbital dynamics of the PSR B1259$-$63/LS 2883 system from 23 years of pulsar timing
• Profile shape stability and phase jitter analyses of millisecond pulsars
• The noise properties of 42 millisecond pulsars from the European Pulsar Timing Array and their impact on gravitational wave searches
• Lense-Thirring frame dragging induced by a fast-rotating white dwarf in a binary pulsar system
• PSR J1909-3744, a Binary Millisecond Pulsar with a Very Small Duty Cycle
• Mass-loss and diffusion in subdwarf B stars and hot white dwarfs: do weak winds exist?
• Investigating the Metallicity-Mixing Length Relation
• Prospects for High-Precision Pulsar Timing
• The NANOGrav Nine-Year Data Set: Noise Budget for Pulsar Arrival Times on Intraday Timescales
• THE ORBITAL ECCENTRICITIES OF BINARY MILLISECOND PULSARS IN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
• A New Method for Obtaining Binary Pulsar Distances and its Implications for Tests of General Relativity
• A Refined Search for Pulsations in White Dwarf Companions to Millisecond Pulsars
• Modelling annual and orbital variations in the scintillation of the relativistic binary PSR J1141$-$6545
• Studying the solar system with the International Pulsar Timing Array
• IAU 2015 Resolution B3 on Recommended Nominal Conversion Constants for Selected Solar and Planetary Properties
• A timing formula for main-sequence star binary pulsars
• PSR J1012+5307: a millisecond pulsar with an extremely low-mass white dwarf companion
• The seismic properties of low-mass He-core white dwarf stars
• The NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set: The Frequency Dependence of Pulse Jitter in Precision Millisecond Pulsars
• A Massive-born Neutron Star with a Massive White Dwarf Companion
• Determination of the Sun's Offset from the Galactic Plane Using Pulsars
• Formation of the planet around the millisecond pulsar J1719-1438
• Very long baseline astrometry of PSR J1012+5307 and its implications on alternative theories of gravity
• Calibration of the mixing-length parameter $\alpha$ for the MLT and FST models by matching with CO${}^5$BOLD models
• Formation of Millisecond Pulsars with Low-Mass Helium White Dwarf Companions in Very Compact Binaries
• MeerTime - the MeerKAT Key Science Program on Pulsar Timing
• Pulsating low-mass white dwarfs in the frame of new evolutionary sequences VI. Thin H-envelope sequences and asteroseismology of ELMV stars revisited

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-Mass PSR J0740+6620
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array I. The dataset and timing analysis
• Common-red-signal analysis with 24-yr high-precision timing of the European Pulsar Timing Array: Inferences in the stochastic gravitational-wave background search
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array II. Customised pulsar noise models for spatially correlated gravitational waves
• The Parkes pulsar timing array second data release: Timing analysis
• Maximum gravitational mass $M_{\mathrm{TOV}}=2.25_{-0.07}^{+0.08}{M}_{\odot }$ inferred at about $3\%$ precision with multimessenger data of neutron stars
• Closing a spontaneous-scalarization window with binary pulsars
• Gravity experiments with radio pulsars
• An Observationally-Derived Kick Distribution for Neutron Stars in Binary Systems
• Searches for Shapiro delay in seven binary pulsars using the MeerKAT telescope
• Scalarized neutron stars in massive scalar-tensor gravity: X-ray pulsars and tidal deformability
• The pulsating white dwarf G117-B15A: still the most stable optical clock known
• Searching For Stochastic Gravitational Waves Below a Nanohertz
• The Role of Baryon Structure in Neutron Stars
• Convection and rotation boosted prescription of magnetic braking: application to the formation of extremely low-mass white dwarfs
• Extended reduced-order surrogate models for scalar-tensor gravity in the strong field and applications to binary pulsars and gravitational waves
• Improving pulsar polarization and timing measurements with the Nançay Radio Telescope
• Improved bounds on the bosonic dark matter with pulsars in the Milky Way
• Using Pulsar Parameter Drifts to Detect Sub-Nanohertz Gravitational Waves
• The FAST Globular Cluster Pulsar Survey (GC FANS)
• Neutron star mass in dark matter clumps
• Analysis of the ionized interstellar medium and orbital dynamics of PSR~J1909-3744 using scintillation arcs
• New limits on the local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity in the Standard-Model Extension with pulsars
• Multi-band Extension of the Wideband Timing Technique
• Direct nonparametric multimessenger constraints on the equation of state of cold dense nuclear matter
• Improving pulsar timing precision through superior Time-of-Arrival creation
• Fastest spinning millisecond pulsars: indicators for quark matter in neutron stars?
• Rapidly Spinning Massive Pulsars as an Indicator of Quark Deconfinement
• Searching for continuous gravitational waves in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Data Release 3
• Upper limits on microhertz gravitational waves from supermassive black-hole binaries using PSR J1909-3744 data from the second IPTA data release
• Mode changing in J1909$-$3744: the most precisely timed pulsar