A Full Characterisation of the Supermassive Black Hole in IRAS 09149-6206

Abstract

We present new broadband X-ray observations of the type-I Seyfert galaxy IRAS 09149-6206, taken in 2018 with $XMM$-$Newton$, $NuSTAR$ and $Swift$. The source is highly complex, showing a classic 'warm' X-ray absorber, additional absorption from highly ionised iron, strong relativistic reflection from the innermost accretion disc and further reprocessing by more distant material. By combining X-ray timing and spectroscopy, we have been able to fully characterise the supermassive black hole in this system, constraining both its mass and - for the first time - its spin. The mass is primarily determined by X-ray timing constraints on the break frequency seen in the power spectrum, and is found to be $\log [M_{\mathrm{BH}}/M_{\odot }]=8.0\pm 0.6$ (1$\sigma$ uncertainties). This is in good agreement with previous estimates based on the H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ line widths, and implies that IRAS 09149-6206 is radiating at close to (but still below) its Eddington luminosity. The spin is constrained via detailed modelling of the relativistic reflection, and is found to be $a^{\ast }=0.94_{-0.07}^{+0.02}$ (90% confidence), adding IRAS 09149-6206 to the growing list of radio-quiet AGN that host rapidly rotating black holes. The outflow velocities of the various absorption components are all relatively modest ($v_{\mathrm{out}}\lesssim 0.03c$), implying these are unlikely to drive significant galaxy-scale AGN feedback.

19 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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