High Density Reflection Spectroscopy: II. the Density of the Inner Black Hole Accretion Disc in AGN

Abstract

We present a high density disc reflection spectral analysis of a sample of 17 Seyfert 1 galaxies to study the inner disc densities at different black hole mass scales and accretion rates. All the available XMM-Newton observations in the archive are used. OM observations in the optical/UV band are used to estimate their accretion rates. We find that 65% of sources in our sample show a disc density significantly higher than 1e15 cm^{-3}, which was assumed in previous reflection-based spectral analyses. The best-fit disc densities show an anti-correlation with black hole mass and mass accretion rate. High density disc reflection model can successfully explain the soft excess emission and significantly reduce inferred iron abundances. We also compare our black hole spin and disc inclination angle measurements with previous analyses.

arXiv commentAccepted by MNRAS. The first paper of this series can be found here: arXiv:1901.01739

References in corpus (55)

• Reverberation Measurements for 17 Quasars and the Size-Mass-Luminosity Relations in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Calibration of X-ray absorption in our Galaxy
• The cosmological evolution of quasar black-hole masses
• The distribution of absorbing column densities among Seyfert 2 galaxies
• Piecing Together the X-ray Background: Bolometric Corrections for Active Galactic Nuclei
• Irradiation of an Accretion Disc by a Jet: General Properties and Implications for Spin Measurements of Black Holes
• The AGN Black Hole Mass Database
• The Mass of the Black Hole in Cygnus X-1
• X-ray reflected spectra from accretion disk models. I. Constant density atmospheres
• Suzaku observations of 'bare' active galactic nuclei
• Discovery of a relation between black hole mass and soft X-ray time lags in active galactic nuclei
• CAIXA: a Catalogue of AGN In the XMM-Newton Archive I. Spectral analysis
• A global look at X-ray time lags in Seyfert Galaxies
• The Trigonometric Parallax of Cygnus X-1
• Normalizing a Relativistic Model of X-ray Reflection: The Definition of the Reflection Fraction and its Implementation in relxill
• High-Density Effects in X-ray Reflection Models from Accretion Disks
• Relativistic iron K X-ray Reverberation in NGC 4151
• The NuSTAR spectrum of Mrk 335: Extreme relativistic effects within 2 gravitational radii of the event horizon?
• Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509 XII. Broad band spectral analysis
• Alternative explanations for extreme supersolar iron abundances inferred from the energy spectrum of Cygnus X-1
• X-ray reflection in accreting stellar-mass black hole systems
• Discovery of high-frequency iron K lags in Ark 564 and Mrk 335
• NuSTAR and Swift observations of the very high state in GX 339-4: Weighing the black hole with X-rays
• Measuring Supermassive Black Hole Spins in Active Galactic Nuclei
• The 1.5 Ms Observing Campaign on IRAS 13224-3809: X-ray Spectral Analysis I
• Simultaneous NuSTAR and XMM-Newton 0.5-80 keV spectroscopy of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy SWIFT J2127.4+5654
• The Soft-Excess in Mrk 509: Warm Corona or Relativistic Reflection?
• The high-Eddington NLS1 Ark 564 has the coolest corona
• The soft X-ray emission of Ark 120. XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and the importance of taking the broad view
• High Density Reflection Spectroscopy I. A case study of GX~339-4
• Suzaku observations of Mrk 335: Confronting partial covering and relativistic reflection
• The rise of an ionized wind in the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 335 observed by XMM-Newton and HST
• Discovery of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mkn 335 in an historical low X-ray flux state
• Iron K and Compton hump reverberation in SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365 revealed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
• The evolution of GX 339-4 in the low-hard state as seen by NuSTAR and Swift
• Can we measure the accretion efficiency of Active Galactic Nuclei?
• An intermediate black hole spin in the NLS1 galaxy SWIFT J2127.4+5654: chaotic accretion or spin energy extraction?
• Multi-epoch X-ray observations of the Seyfert 1.2 galaxy Mrk 79: bulk motion of the illuminating X-ray source
• A remarkable long-term light curve, and deep, low-state spectroscopy: Swift & XMM-Newton monitoring of the NLS1 galaxy Mkn 335
• The Narrow-Line Region of Seyfert Galaxies: Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies versus Broad-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
• The Similarity of Broad Iron Lines in X-ray Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei
• An XMM-Newton observation of Ton S180: Constraints on the continuum emission in ultrasoft Seyfert galaxies
• A deep X-ray view of the bare AGN Ark120. V. Spin determination from disc-Comptonisation efficiency method
• XMM-Newton observations of seven soft X-ray excess QSOs
• An X-ray look at the Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 590: XMM-Newton and Chandra reveal complexity in circumnuclear gas
• A high-density relativistic reflection origin for the soft and hard X-ray excess emission from Mrk 1044
• A Relativistic Disc Reflection Model for 1H0419-577: Multi-Epoch Spectral Analysis with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
• A deep X-ray view of the bare AGN Ark 120. II. Evidence for Fe K emission transients
• The quasar PG 0844+349 in an X-ray weak state
• X-ray reflection from the inner disk of the AGN Ton S180
• A deep X-ray view of the bare AGN Ark 120. I. Revealing the Soft X-ray Line Emission
• XMM-Newton observation of Mrk 110
• XMM-Newton unveils the complex iron K alpha region of Mrk 279
• Investigating the reflection contribution to the X-ray emission of Ton S180
• X-ray Reverberation Mapping and Dramatic Variability of Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 1934-063

Cited by in corpus (88)

• Towards precision measurements of accreting black holes using X-ray reflection spectroscopy
• Disks, spikes, and clouds: distinguishing environmental effects on BBH gravitational waveforms
• MAXI J1820+070 with NuSTAR I. An increase in variability frequency but a stable reflection spectrum: coronal properties and implications for the inner disc in black hole binaries
• Radiation spectra of warm and optically thick coronae in AGN
• Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays -- SUBWAYS. I. Ultra-fast outflows in QSOs beyond the local Universe
• Testing General Relativity with NuSTAR data of Galactic Black Holes
• The nuclear environment of the NLS1 Mrk 335: obscuration of the X-ray line emission by a variable outflow
• Reflection Modeling of the Black Hole Binary 4U~1630$-$47: the Disk Density and Returning Radiation
• Testing the Kerr Black Hole Hypothesis with GX 339-4 by a combined analysis of its thermal spectrum and reflection features
• The Nature of Soft Excess in ESO 362-G18 Revealed by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Spectroscopy
• Examining the Physical Conditions of a Warm Corona in Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Discs
• Two major constraints on the inner radii of accretion disks
• reXcor: A Model of the X-ray Spectrum of Active Galactic Nuclei that Combines Ionized Reflection and a Warm Corona
• NuSTAR monitoring of MAXI J1348-630: evidence of high density disc reflection
• Rapid Luminosity Decline and Subsequent Reformation of the Innermost Dust Distribution in the Changing-look AGN Mrk 590
• The first broadband X-ray view of the narrow line Seyfert 1 Ton S180
• Constraints on Einstein-Maxwell dilaton-axion gravity from X-ray reflection spectroscopy
• Eclipsing the X-ray emitting region in the active galaxy NGC 6814
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): Complex absorption and soft excesses in hard X-ray--selected active galactic nuclei
• The first simultaneous X-ray broad-band view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
• High-ionization emission line ratios from quasar broad line regions: metallicity or density?
• Reflection spectra of accretion disks illuminated by disk-like coronae
• A Full Characterisation of the Supermassive Black Hole in IRAS 09149-6206
• The X-ray Disk/Wind Degeneracy in AGN
• The hard to soft transition of GX 339-4 as seen by Insight-HXMT
• Spin effects in neutrino gravitational scattering
• High-density disc reflection spectroscopy of low-mass active galactic nuclei
• XMM-Newton Observations of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy IRAS 13224$-$3809 : X-ray Spectral Analysis II
• X-ray Reverberation Mapping of Ark 564 using Gaussian Process Regression
• A NuSTAR View of GRS 1716$-$249 in the Hard and Intermediate States
• High-density reflection spectroscopy of black hole X-ray binaries in the hard state
• Photoionization Models for High Density Gas
• Extreme Relativistic Reflection in the Active Galaxy ESO 033-G002
• Ejection-accretion connection in NLS1 AGN 1H 1934-063
• Impact of the reflection model on the estimate of the properties of accreting black holes
• The outburst of the changing-look AGN IRAS23226-3843 in 2019
• Neutrino scattering off a black hole surrounded by a magnetized accretion disk
• The Inner Accretion Flow in the Resurgent Seyfert-1.2 AGN Mrk 817
• Black Hole Spin Measurements Based on a Thin Disc Model with Finite Thickness I. An example study of MCG-06-30-15
• Spin oscillations of neutrinos scattered off a rotating black hole
• Black Hole Mass Accretion Rates and Efficiency Factors for over 750 AGN and Multiple GBH
• Plasma-environment effects on K lines of astrophysical interest III. IPs, K thresholds, radiative rates, and Auger widths in Fe ix - Fe xvi
• Testing the Weak Equivalence Principle near black holes
• Reflection and timing study of the transient black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1803-298 with NuSTAR
• A systematic study of the ultra-fast outflow responses to luminosity variations in active galactic nuclei
• Getting More Out of Black Hole Superradiance: a Statistically Rigorous Approach to Ultralight Boson Constraints from Black Hole Spin Measurements
• An XMM-Newton Study of Six Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies at z = 0.35--0.92
• The long-stable hard state of XTE J1752-223 and the disk truncation dilemma
• A systematic study of photoionized emission and warm absorption signatures of the NLS1 Mrk 335
• Reflection features in the X-ray spectrum of Fairall 9 and implications for tests of general relativity
• Uncovering the primary X-ray emission and possible starburst component in the polarized NLS1 Mrk 1239
• A NuSTAR and Swift View of the Hard State of MAXI J1813-095
• On measuring the Hubble constant with X-ray reverberation mapping of active galactic nuclei
• Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Of Active Galactic Nuclei With AstroSat/UVIT
• Proof of principle X-ray reflection mass measurement of the black hole in H1743-322
• Scattering of neutrinos by a rotating black hole accounting for the electroweak interaction with an accretion disk
• The Collisional and Photoionized Plasma in the Polarized NLS1 galaxy Mrk 1239
• Relativistic reflection spectra of super-spinning black holes
• The 2018 outburst of MAXI J1820+070 as seen by Insight-HXMT
• The Awakening Beast in the Seyfert 1 Galaxy KUG 1141+371 I
• AstroSat view of spectral transition in the changing-look active galaxy NGC1566 during the declining phase of the 2018 outburst
• Broadband spectral analysis of Mrk 926 using multi-epoch X-ray observations
• Neutrino spin oscillations in a magnetized Polish doughnut
• Properties of Ultralight Bosons from Spins of Heavy Quasars via Superradiance
• Characterising continuum variability in the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 17020+4544
• A Systematic Study of the Short-Term X-ray Variability of Seyfert Galaxies I. Diversity of the X-ray Rms Spectra
• A Highly Accreting Low-Mass Black Hole Hidden in the Dust: Suzaku and NuSTAR observations of the NLS1 Mrk 1239
• The Low Temperature Corona in ESO 511$-$G030 Revealed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
• A Suzaku sample of unabsorbed narrow-line and broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies: II. Iron emission and absorption
• Spin oscillations in neutrino gravitational scattering
• The Origin of The Soft X-Ray Excess in the Seyfert 1.5 Galaxy ESO 362-G18
• Investigating the consistency of the shape and flux of X-ray reflection spectra in the hard state with an accretion disk reaching close to the black hole
• Constraining black hole spin in PG 1535+547 amidst complex multi-layered absorption
• On the Relation between the Inclination Angle of the Accretion Disk and the Broad-line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Flavor Matters, but Matter Flavors: Matter Effects on Flavor Composition of Astrophysical Neutrinos
• The imprint of gas on gravitational waves from LISA intermediate-mass black hole binaries
• Spin oscillations of neutrinos scattered by the supermassive black hole in the galactic center
• Neutrino spin oscillations near a black hole
• A possible two-fold scenario for the disc-corona of the luminous AGN 1H 0419--577: a high-density disc or a warm corona
• Preliminary forecasting constraint on scalar charge with LISA in non-vacuum environments
• The Origin of X-ray Emission in the Gamma-ray emitting Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 1H 0323+342
• Investigating the interplay of the braneworld gravity and the plasma environment on the black hole shadow
• Assessing systematic uncertainties from spectral re-analysis of Cyg X-1 with different coronal geometries
• The Baryon Budget of Galaxies across the First Billion Years
• Neutrino-Induced Polarization Rotation in Active Galactic Nuclei Plasmas
• XMM-Newton and Swift Observations of the Seyfert 1 AGN NGC 5940
• Evidence for a moderate spin from X-ray reflection of the high-mass supermassive black hole in the cluster-hosted quasar H1821+643
• Spin and flavor oscillations of neutrinos in gravitational fields