The MAVERIC Survey: New compact binaries revealed by deep radio continuum observations of the Galactic globular cluster Terzan 5

Abstract

Owing to its massive, dense core, Terzan 5 has the richest population of millisecond pulsars known among Galactic globular clusters. Here we report new deep $2-8$GHz radio continuum observations of Terzan\,5 obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We have identified a total of 24 sources within the cluster half-light radius, including 17 within the core radius. 19 are associated with previously studied millisecond pulsars and X-ray binaries. Three of the new radio sources have steep radio spectra and are located within the cluster core, as expected for millisecond pulsars. These three sources have hard X-ray photon indices ($\Gamma =1.3-1.5$) and highly variable X-ray emission, suggesting they are binary millisecond pulsars belonging to the spider class. For the most X-ray luminous of these sources, the redback spider classification is confirmed by its X-ray light curve, which shows an orbital period of 12.32 hr and double peaked structure around X-ray maximum. The likely discovery of bright binary millisecond pulsars in a well-studied cluster like Terzan 5 highlights how deep radio continuum imaging can complement pulsar search and timing observations in finding probable eclipsing systems. The other new radio source in the core has a flat radio spectrum and is X-ray faint ($L_X\approx 2\times 10^{31}$ erg s${}^{-1}$) with a photon index $\Gamma =2.1\pm 0.5$, consistent with the properties expected for a quiescent stellar-mass black hole X-ray binary.

arXiv comment19 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ

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