In-plane uniaxial pressure-induced out-of-plane antiferromagnetic moment and critical fluctuations in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$

Abstract

A small in-plane external uniaxial pressure has been widely used as an effective method to acquire single domain iron pnictide BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$, which exhibits twin-domains without uniaxial strain below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural (nematic) transition temperature $T_s$. Although it is generally assumed that such a pressure will not affect the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system, it is known to enhance the antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering temperature $T_N$ ($<T_s$) and create in-plane resistivity anisotropy above $T_s$. Here we use neutron polarization analysis to show that such a strain on BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ also induces a static or quasi-static out-of-plane ($c$-axis) AF order and its associated critical spin fluctuations near $T_N/T_s$. Therefore, uniaxial pressure necessary to detwin single crystals of BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ actually rotates the easy axis of the collinear AF order near $T_N/T_s$, and such effect due to spin-orbit coupling must be taken into account to unveil the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system.

11 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary information is available upon request

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