Test for the Origin of Solar Mass Black Holes

Abstract

Solar-mass black holes with masses in the range of $\sim 1-2.5M_{\odot }$ are not expected from conventional stellar evolution, but can be produced naturally via neutron star (NS) implosions induced by capture of small primordial black holes (PBHs) or from accumulation of some varieties of particle dark matter. We argue that a unique signature of such "transmuted" solar-mass BHs is that their mass distribution would follow that of the NSs. This would be distinct from the mass function of black holes in the solar-mass range predicted either by conventional stellar evolution or early Universe PBH production. We propose that analysis of the solar-mass BH population mass distribution in a narrow mass window of $\sim 1-2.5{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ can provide a simple yet powerful test of the origin of these BHs. Recent LIGO/VIRGO gravitational wave (GW) observations of the binary merger events GW190425 and GW190814 are consistent with a BH mass in the range $\sim 1.5-2.6M_{\odot }$. Though these results have fueled speculation on dark matter-transmuted solar-mass BHs, we demonstrate that it is unlikely that the origin of these particular events stems from NS implosions. Data from upcoming GW observations will be able to distinguish between solar-mass BHs and NSs with high confidence. This capability will facilitate and enhance the efficacy of our proposed test.

arXiv comment6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table

References in corpus (61)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 M${}_{\odot }$ Black Hole with a 2.6 M${}_{\odot }$ Compact Object
• GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass $\sim 3.4M_{\odot }$
• Masses, Radii, and Equation of State of Neutron Stars
• Did LIGO detect dark matter?
• Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• Compact Remnant Mass Function: Dependence on the Explosion Mechanism and Metallicity
• Primordial Black Holes - Perspectives in Gravitational Wave Astronomy -
• Density Perturbations and Black Hole Formation in Hybrid Inflation
• The Black Hole Mass Distribution in the Galaxy
• Asymmetric Dark Matter
• Primordial Black Holes
• Asymmetric Dark Matter: Theories, Signatures, and Constraints
• Review of asymmetric dark matter
• WIMP Annihilation and Cooling of Neutron Stars
• The Neutron Star Mass Distribution
• Primordial Black Holes as Generators of Cosmic Structures
• Scalaron from $R^2$-gravity as a Heavy Field
• Missing Black Holes Unveil The Supernova Explosion Mechanism
• Gravitational Wave signatures of inflationary models from Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter
• Inflationary primordial black holes for the LIGO gravitational wave events and pulsar timing array experiments
• Constraints on primordial black holes as dark matter candidates from capture by neutron stars
• Constraints on Scalar Asymmetric Dark Matter from Black Hole Formation in Neutron Stars
• Inflationary Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter
• Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter
• Primordial Black Hole Formation in a Double Inflation Model in Supergravity
• The Explosion of Helium Stars Evolved With Mass Loss
• Search for sub-solar mass ultracompact binaries in Advanced LIGO's second observing run
• Primordial black hole formation by vacuum bubbles
• Primordial Black Holes from Inflaton Fragmentation into Oscillons
• Double inflation as a single origin of primordial black holes for all dark matter and LIGO observations
• Realistic neutron star constraints on bosonic asymmetric dark matter
• Primordial seeds of supermassive black holes
• Primordial black hole and wormhole formation by domain walls
• Primordial black holes from supersymmetry in the early universe
• PBH Dark Matter in Supergravity Inflation Models
• Analytic Description of Primordial Black Hole Formation from Scalar Field Fragmentation
• Exploring Primordial Black Holes from the Multiverse with Optical Telescopes
• Primordial Black Holes for the LIGO Events in the Axion-like Curvaton Model
• New X-ray bound on density of primordial black holes
• Primordial Black Holes and $r$-Process Nucleosynthesis
• Limits on Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• Primordial black holes from scalar field evolution in the early universe
• Bounds on self-interacting fermion dark matter from observations of old neutron stars
• GW190814: Spin and equation of state of a neutron star companion
• Searching for Dark Matter with Neutron Star Mergers and Quiet Kilonovae
• Hidden universality in the merger rate distribution in the primordial black hole scenario
• Non-Primordial Solar Mass Black Holes
• The Birth Function for Black Holes and Neutron Stars in Close Binaries
• Formation of MACHO-Primordial Black Holes in Inflationary Cosmology
• A Preferred Mass Range for Primordial Black Hole Formation and Black Holes as Dark Matter Revisited
• Can we distinguish low mass black holes in neutron star binaries?
• Transmuted Gravity Wave Signals from Primordial Black Holes
• Revisiting primordial black holes capture into neutron stars
• Q ball Decay Rates into Gravitinos and Quarks
• Stars and Black Holes from the very Early Universe
• Positrons from Primordial Black Hole Microquasars and Gamma-ray Bursts
• Why the mean mass of primordial black hole distribution is close to 10$M_{\odot }$
• Astrophysical constraints on dark-matter $Q$-balls in the presence of baryon-violating operators
• Distinguishing binary neutron star from neutron star-black hole mergers with gravitational waves

Cited by in corpus (51)

• Constraints on Primordial Black Holes
• Observational Evidence for Primordial Black Holes: A Positivist Perspective
• From inflation to black hole mergers and back again: Gravitational-wave data-driven constraints on inflationary scenarios with a first-principle model of primordial black holes across the QCD epoch
• Exploring Evaporating Primordial Black Holes with Gravitational Waves
• Low Mass Black Holes from Dark Core Collapse
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Primordial Black Holes
• Brief Review of Recent Advances in Understanding Dark Matter and Dark Energy
• The Minimum Testable Abundance of Primordial Black Holes at Future Gravitational-Wave Detectors
• How to assess the primordial origin of single gravitational-wave events with mass, spin, eccentricity, and deformability measurements
• Can LIGO Detect Non-Annihilating Dark Matter?
• Dark Matter, Destroyer of Worlds: Neutrino, Thermal, and Existential Signatures from Black Holes in the Sun and Earth
• Primordial black holes and scalar induced gravitational waves from the $E$ model with a Gauss-Bonnet term
• Double-peaked inflation model: Scalar induced gravitational waves and primordial-black-hole suppression from primordial non-Gaussianity
• Non-Gaussianity in inflationary scenarios for primordial black holes
• Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper:Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter
• Accretion onto a small black hole at the center of a neutron star
• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from string inspired general no-scale supergravity
• Searching for Primordial Black Holes with the Einstein Telescope: impact of design and systematics
• Spins of primordial black holes formed in different cosmological scenarios
• Interstellar Gas Heating by Primordial Black Holes
• Challenges and Opportunities of Gravitational Wave Searches above 10 kHz
• Celestial Objects as Strongly-Interacting Non-Annihilating Dark Matter Detectors
• Constraining properties of asymmetric dark matter candidates from gravitational-wave observations
• Primordial black holes as a dark matter candidate in theories with supersymmetry and inflation
• Establishing the Non-Primordial Origin of Black Hole-Neutron Star Mergers
• Dark Matter Candidates and Searches
• Beyond Hawking evaporation of black holes formed by dark matter in compact stars
• Neutron Stars Harboring a Primordial Black Hole: Maximum Survival Time
• Gravitational-wave Emission from a Primordial Black Hole Inspiraling inside a Compact Star: a Novel Probe for Dense Matter Equation of State
• Signatures of a High Temperature QCD Transition in the Early Universe
• Coexistence Test of Primordial Black Holes and Particle Dark Matter from Diffractive Lensing
• A Robust Test of the Existence of Primordial Black Holes in Galactic Dark Matter Halos
• Impacts of Jets and Winds From Primordial Black Holes
• Optimal Celestial Bodies for Dark Matter Detection
• Revisiting Primordial Black Hole Capture by Neutron Stars
• Primordial Black Hole-Neutron Star Merger Rate in Modified Gravity
• Black Holes merging with Low Mass Gap Objects inside Globular Clusters
• Cosmology and nuclear-physics implications of a subsolar gravitational-wave event
• $G$ Objects and primordial black holes
• Low Mass Naked Singularities from Dark Core Collapse
• Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Method to search for inspiraling planetary-mass ultra-compact binaries using the generalized frequency-Hough transform in LIGO O3a data
• Accretion inside astrophysical objects : Effects of rotation and viscosity
• Primordial Black Hole Triggered Type Ia Supernovae I: Impact on Explosion Dynamics and Light Curves
• Can Thorne-$\dot{\text{Z}}$ytkow Objects source GW190814-type events?
• Neutrino signals from Neutron Star implosions to Black Holes
• Primordial Black Hole Mergers as Probes of Dark Matter in Galactic Center
• Primordial Black Hole Triggered Type Ia Supernovae II: Comparison with Supernova Remnants and Galactic Chemical Evolution
• Dark, deep, deconfining: Phase transitions in neutron stars as powerful probes of hidden sectors
• Applying higher-modes consistency test on GW190814 : lessons on no-hair theorem, nature of the secondary compact object and waveform modeling