Cosmology-insensitive estimate of IGM baryon mass fraction from five localized fast radio bursts

Abstract

Five fast radio bursts (FRBs), including three apparently non-repeating ones FRB 180924, FRB 181112, and FRB 190523, and two repeaters, FRB 121102 and FRB 180916.J0158+65, have already been localized so far. We apply a method developed recently by us (Li et al. 2019) to these five localized FRBs to give a cosmology-insensitive estimate of the fraction of baryon mass in the IGM, $f_{\mathrm{IGM}}$. Using the measured dispersion measure (DM) and luminosity distance $d_{\mathrm{L}}$ data (inferred from the FRB redshifts and $d_{\mathrm{L}}$ of type Ia supernovae at the same redshifts) of the five FRBs, we constrain the local $f_{\mathrm{IGM}}=0.84_{-0.22}^{+0.16}$ with no evidence of redshift dependence. This cosmology-insensitive estimate of $f_{\mathrm{IGM}}$ from FRB observations is in excellent agreement with previous constraints using other probes. Moreover, using the three apparently non-repeating FRBs only we get a little looser but consistent result $f_{\mathrm{IGM}}=0.74_{-0.18}^{+0.24}$. In these two cases, reasonable estimations for the host galaxy DM contribution ($\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{host}}$) can be achieved by modelling it as a function of star formation rate. The constraints on both $f_{\mathrm{IGM}}$ and $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{M}}_{\mathrm{host}}$ are expected to be significantly improved with the rapid progress in localizing FRBs.

6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

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