Room Temperature Amplification of Terahertz Radiation by Grating-Gate Graphene Structures

Abstract

We report on experimental studies of terahertz (THz) radiation transmission through grating-gate graphene-channel transistor nanostructures and demonstrate room temperature THz radiation amplification stimulated by current-driven plasmon excitations. Specifically, with increase of the direct current (dc) under periodic charge density modulation, we observe a strong red shift of the resonant THz plasmon absorption, its complete bleaching, followed by the amplification and blue shift of the resonant plasmon frequency. Our results are, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental observation of energy transfer from dc current to plasmons leading to THz amplification. We present a simple model allowing for the phenomenological description of the observed amplification phenomena. This model shows that in the presence of dc current the radiation-induced correction to dissipation is sensitive to the phase shift between THz oscillations of carrier density and drift velocity, and with increase of the current becomes negative, leading to amplification. The experimental results of this work as all obtained at room temperature, pave the way towards the new 2D plasmons based, voltage tuneable THz radiation amplifiers.

17 pages with 15 figures, uses revtex4-2, additionally include 6 pages of supplementary materials with 6 figures

References in corpus (29)

• The electronic properties of graphene
• Graphene Photonics and Optoelectronics
• Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics
• Graphene plasmonics
• Graphene plasmonics: A platform for strong light-matter interaction
• Plasmonics in graphene at infra-red frequencies
• Dielectric function, screening, and plasmons in 2D graphene
• Manipulating infrared photons using plasmons in transparent graphene superlattices
• Mid-infrared plasmons in scaled graphene nanostructures
• Negative local resistance caused by viscous electron backflow in graphene
• Fermi velocity engineering in graphene by substrate modification
• Interaction phenomena in graphene seen through quantum capacitance
• Magnetic field tuning of terahertz Dirac plasmons in graphene
• Visualizing Poiseuille flow of hydrodynamic electrons
• Non-local transport and the hydrodynamic shear viscosity in graphene
• Plasma instability and amplification of electromagnetic waves in low-dimensional electron systems
• Plasmonic terahertz detection by a double-grating-gate field-effect transistor structure with an asymmetric unit cell
• Thermo-Plasma Polariton within Scaling Theory of Single-Layer Graphene
• Gain Modulation by Graphene Plasmons in Aperiodic Lattice Lasers
• Terahertz ratchet effects in graphene with a lateral superlattice
• Confined Plasmons in Graphene Microstructures: Experiments and Theory
• Plasmonics of coupled graphene micro-structures
• Current driven "plasmonic boom" instability in three-dimensional gated periodic ballistic nanostructures
• Giant Plasmon Instability in Dual-Grating-Gate Graphene Field-Effect Transistor
• Emission of plasmons by drifting Dirac electrons: where hydrodynamics matters
• Tight-binding terahertz plasmons in chemical vapor deposited graphene
• Room Temperature Coherent and Voltage Tunable Terahertz Emission from Nanometer-Sized Field Effect Transistors
• Helicity sensitive terahertz radiation detection by dual-grating-gate high electron mobility transistors
• A Fitting Model for Asymmetric I-V Characteristics of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors for Extraction of Intrinsic Mobilities

Cited by in corpus (22)

• Hydrodynamic theory of the Dyakonov-Shur instability in graphene transistors
• Electrical Tuning of Terahertz Plasmonic Crystal Phases
• S-shaped current-voltage characteristics of n+-i-n-n+ graphene field-effect transistors due the Coulomb drag of quasi-equilibrium electrons by ballistic electrons
• Topological frequency conversion in Weyl semimetals
• Beatings of ratchet current magneto-oscillations in GaN-based grating gate structures: manifestation of spin-orbit band splitting
• Coulomb electron drag mechanism of terahertz plasma instability in n+-i-n-n+ graphene FETs with ballistic injection
• Lateral plasmonic crystals: Tunability, dark modes, and weak-to-strong coupling transition
• Electrical Spectroscopy of Polaritonic Nanoresonators
• Effect of Coulomb carrier drag and terahertz plasma instability in p+-p-i-n-n+ graphene tunneling transistor structures
• Plasma Instability and Amplified Mode Switching Effect in THz Field Effect Transistors with Grating Gate
• Cyclotron- and magnetoplasmon resonances in bilayer graphene ratchets
• Refraction laws for two-dimensional plasmons
• Nonlinear intensity dependence of ratchet currents induced by terahertz laser radiation in bilayer graphene with asymmetric periodic grating gates
• Terahertz ratchet in graphene 2D metamaterial formed by a patterned gate with an antidot arrayd
• Transit-time resonances enabling amplification and generation of terahertz radiation in periodic graphene p-i-n structures with the Zener-Klein interband tunneling
• On the Nature of the Fundamental Plasma Excitation in a Plasmonic Crystal
• Terahertz spin ratchet effect in magnetic metamaterials
• Plasmons in two-dimensional electron systems with infinite and semi-infinite metal gratings
• Circular THz ratchets in a 2D-modulated Dirac system
• Giant Inverse Faraday Effect in Plasmonic Crystal Ring
• Terahertz and gigahertz magneto-ratchets in graphene-based 2D metamaterials
• Unconventional quantization of 2D plasmons in cavities formed by gate slots